Section Editor
Dean Taylor, MD
(see also: Muscle Anatomy, Histology, & Physiology)
– Anatomy: – PCL is approximately twice as strong and twice as thick as the normal ACL (therefore less commonly injured); – size: 13 mm, its length, 38 mm, (approximates that of ACL); – origin: – PCL originates from the antero-lateral aspect of … Read more
from An Atlas of Human Anatomy by Carl Toldt, M.D., 1919. Original Text by Clifford R. Wheeless, III, MD.
– See: – El Escorial Revisited: Revised Criteria for the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – Disorders of Nerves: – Anterior Horn Cell Disorders: – ALS Society Homepage – Discussion: – amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a syndrome characterized by both upper and lower motor neuron disease; – destruction of anterior horn cells & descending corticospinal tracts; … Read more
(see also: penicillin family) Discussion combination of clavulanic acid and amoxicillin (augmentin – 250 or 500 mg of amoxicillin plus 125 mg of clavulanic acid) provides oral preparation with enhanced activity against beta-lactamase-producing strains of Staph, Branhamella catarrhalis, H. influenza, N gonorrhoeae, and bacteroides; oral administration of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (every 8 hours) is effective … Read more
requires about 5 ml of venous blood, pt NPO for AM blood draw. Increased: Dermatomyositis, Polymyositis, Limb girdle muscular dystrophy Chronic hepatitis, Portal cirrhosis, Obstructive jaundice (See bilirubin) Gangrene, Prostate tumors (PSA), Trichinosis, Liver mets, blood dyscrasias, delirium tremens, Burns, 20% of cancer pts. – Normal Values – Poliomyelitis, Myasthenia gravis, Multiple sclerosis, Neurogenic musclee … Read more
– Sequential Order of Release: – PCL: (posterior stabilized prosthesis is generally required); – LCL – in general, sepquential elevation of the femoral origin of the LCL is performed prior to release of other structures because … Read more
– Discussion: – see flexor tendon repair – see FDP lacerations: FDS and FDP – almost all tendon injuries in zone 2 are due to lacerations; – this is where 2 tendons enter fibro-osseuous tunnel at mid-palm level; – once the FDS and FDP tendons enter flexor tendon sheath, the FDS separates into 2 … Read more
* Physical Exam: (heard best if pt. sits up, leans forward, & exhale) Early Diastolic (decrescendo) murmur. Mid Systolic Ejection Murmur (Austin Flint) S3 gallop (competes w/ diastolic murmur); widened pulse pressure Etiology: Congenital (bicuspid valves) Rheumatic hrt, Endocarditis VSD; Sequelae: Angina, LVH, CHF, DOE, orthopnea, PND; small increase in After-Load may cause large increase … Read more
– See: – FDP Avulsion – FDP Lacerations – tendon pull thru technique – Anatomy: – in zone 1, FDP has emerged from between & beneath decussating FDS and travels to its insertion in the distal phalanx; – zone 1 contains: A4, C3, … Read more