– Discussion: – comminuted fractures of the entire head; – classification: – type A: – fracture of the entire radial neck, with the head completely displaced from the shaft; – type B: – articular fracture involving the entire head, which consists of more than two large fragments; – each fragment is completely displaced from the … Read more
– Discussion: – vascular compromise occurs in about 5-20% of children w/ supracondylar frx; – less than 1% will be complicated by compartment syndrome and the resulting sequelae of Volkmann’s contracture; – note that a median nerve palsy, may mask a pending compartment syndrome (because there … Read more
– See: – Amputation of the Finger and Hand: – Above-Elbow Amputation – Below-Elbow Amputation – Upper Extremity Prosthetics: – Wrist Disarticulations – General Considerations: – Disability: – loss of one upper extremity … Read more
– Terminal Devices: – Functional Hooks vs. Cosmetic Hands; – Hooks: Voluntary opening vs closing: – voluntary opening: – more popular & are recognized by their numbers of rubber bands (# is proportional to pinch strength, w/ 3 bands equal to about … Read more
– Definition: – displacement of less than 2 mm; – no increase in minimal degree of separation of 90 deg flexion of elbow; – usually frx gaps dorsally, and some separation of fragments occurs, which leads to joint incongruity; – dorsal gapping w/ displacement of … Read more
– Discussion: – posterior cortex is disrupted w/ no cortical contact; – distal fragment is displaced posteriorly and proximally (by pull of triceps); – w/ medial displacement, the medial periosteal hinge is intact; – w/ lateral displacement, the lateral periosteal hinge is intact; – Physical Exam: … Read more
– Discussion: – if the frx needs a reduction, then the frx is not a type I but a type II; – posterior cortex remains intact, making it a greenstick frx; – technically a type II frx implies posterior displacement, but frequently there will also be medial impaction w/ … Read more
– Discussion: – frx is displaced & forearm is unstable in relation to humerus; – this injury is really a fracture-dislocation; – Avulsion Fracture – Comminuted Fractures – Distal Olecranon Fracture: … Read more
– Discussion: – displaced, stable frx; – frx fragments are displaced > 2-3 mm, but collateral ligaments are intact; – frx may be non-comminuted (Type IIA) or comminuted (Type IIB). – no sign of subluxation; – Non Operative Treatment: – immobilized in mid flexion, these … Read more
– Discussion: – fissure or margin sector fracture w/ displacement less than 2 mm; – type I fractures may be difficult to identify; – fat pads are intracapsular but extrasynovial; – anterior fat pad is normally visible anterioir to coronoid fossa; – posterior fat pad … Read more