– Discussion: – traditionally, subtalar arthrodesis has been performed w/ ankle in neutral dorsiflexion / plantarflexion & neutral or slight valgus; – by placing calcaneus in 5 degrees of valgus, transverse tarsal joint remains supple and provides mobility to the forefoot; – in presence of fixed forefoot equinus, however, … Read more
– See: Osteolysis and Insertion of Polyethylene – Discussion: – originally Charnley used high density polyethylene and later this was changed to ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene – impact strength of UHMWPE is higher than that for HDPE and the density of UHMWPE is much lower than … Read more
– See: differential diagnosis of posterior fossa masses – Discussion: – popliteal artery is the continuation of superficial femoral artery at hiatus of the adductor magnus muscle; – artery is anchored proximally by tendinous insertion of adductor magnus upon the medial femoral epicondyle; – it runs posterior to the distal … Read more
– See: – Equinovalgus – Anterior Horn Cell Disorders: – outside links: – Polio Resources: – Lincolnshire Polio Network – Discussion: – caused by death of anterior horn cells of … Read more
– Discussion: – see plating of tibia fractures and synthese products – six cortices should be held proximal to most proximal fracture line, and lag screws should be used when frx lines cross; – when using medial plate, additional anteroposterior lag screw fixation may be needed to secure posterior lip frx; … Read more
– Discussion: – plating techniques and synthese products – primarily indication for plates and screws is a displaced intra-articular frx of tibia, involving either knee or ankle; – main disadvantage is skin necrosis and resultant infection; – malunions and mal-non-unions are other indications; – Operative Techniques for Proximal Tibial Fractures: … Read more
– See: Orthotics for the Foot: – Plantar Keratosis: – this callus is a circumscribed keratotic area which may or may not be associated with a hammered great toe; – kerkatosis often resembles verruca plantaris, for which it is mistakenly treated until the keratosis breaks down and ulcerates or leaves a permanent … Read more
– See: Innerv. Musc. Lower Limb – Plantar muscles of the foot are divided into 4 layers; – 1st Layer: – first two layers originate from calcaneal tuberosity and the other two from the metatarsal shafts; – first subfascial layer consists (from lateral to medial) of the ADM, FDB, & abductor hallucis; – plantar fascia … Read more
– Considerations: – see plate fixation theory and bone healing with plate fixation; – candidates for ORIF are humeral shaft frx w/ no comminution w/ enough of an oblique component to allow lag screw fixation; – in contrast, comminuted transverse fractures may be less satisfying for fixation, and may require bone grafting; – w/ transverse … Read more