– See: – Neurofibromatosis – Scoliosis – Discussion: – 2 subtypes: idiopathic and dystrophic; – dysplastic type: (dystrophic) – short, sharply angulated curve which involve only few vertebra; – associated w/: … Read more
– See: Cerebral Palsy: – Non Operative Treatment: – many patients can achieve functional sitting with body jackets or molded wheelchair inserts; – Surgical Treatment: – spine is instrumented from upper thoracic area to the sacrum; – rods may be secured to the pelvis using the Galveston technique; … Read more
Scheuermann’s Kyphosis (SK): Incidence: 1-10% prevalence in adolescent population. Rare in patients under 10 years. Associated conditions: Spondylolysis – occurs in 6% of population with SK and scoliosis. Scoliosis occurs in 25% of population with SK. Demographics: Usually detected at puberty in skeletally immature adolescents. Males are twice as likely to develop SK than females; … Read more
– Discussion: – occurs most often in pediatric population; – accounts for up to 2/3 of severe cervical injuries in children < 8 years of age; – inherent elasticity in pediatric cervical spine can allow severe spinal cord injury to occur in absence of x-ray findings; – … Read more
– Discussion: – see anatomy of the scapula – most common scapular frx are frx of the body, followed by the neck, glenoid, and acromion; – associated injuries: seen in upto 80-90% of patients; – pulmonary injuries and pneumothorax (23%) and pulmonary contussion; … Read more
origin: anterior tubercles of the transverse process of the 2nd to 6th cervical vertebrae; insertion: scalene tubercles on anterior superior surface of the 1st rib; action: – acting unilaterally, flexes and rotates cervicals and raises first rib; – when acting bilaterally, flexes the neck; nerve supply: anterior branches, C5, … Read more
origin: posterior tubercles of the transverse process of 2nd to 7th cervical vertebrae; insertion: superior surface of the 1st rib behind subclavian groove; action: acting unilaterally, flexes and rotates cervical vertebrae; raises first rib; when acting bilaterally, flexes the neck; nerve supply: posterior branches of anterior primary rami of C3, C4; lateral muscular … Read more
origin: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of 4th, 5th, and 6th cervicals; insertion: lateral superior surfaces of 2nd rib behind attachment of Serratus Anterior; action: acting unilaterally, flexes and rotates cervical vertebrae; when acting bilaterally, flexes the neck and raises 2nd rib; nerve supply: posterior branches of C5 , C6 , C7, … Read more