Discussion HTN from bladder or bowel distension or from renal calculi; sensitivity to succinyl choline (hyperkalemia) increase susceptibility to pulmonary edema; can follow upper and lower spinal cord injuries; related to bladder overdistension or fecal impaction and manifests as with pounding HA, (from severe hypertension), anxiety, profuse head and neck sweating, nasal obstruction, and blurred vision; … Read more
– See: Anatomy of C1 / C2 – Discussion: – classically described as a 4 part burst frx of the atlas, w/ combined anterior and posterior arch fractures; – frx variants: include two and three part fractures; – pediatric frx: – frx … Read more
– See: – Occipital-Atlanto-Axial Anomalies: – Anatomy of C1 / C2 – Discussion: – more common children, since the pediatric occipital condyles are small and almost horizontal & lack inherent stability; – this injury is usually but not invariably fatal 2nd to respiratory arrest caused by injury … Read more
– Post Op Care: – following surgery, the wrist is splinted in neutral or slight extension; – this avoids anterior displacement of median nerve w/ entrapment between divided margins of the TCL; – some believe early motion (with in days … Read more
– See: Nerve Entrapment – Discussion: – cubital tunnel serves as major contraint for the ulnar nerve as it passes behind elbow; – the syndrome occurs most commonly between 30 to 60 years, and is exceptionally uncommon in children under 15 years; – inciting events: – symptoms may appear several years after trauma (hence tardy … Read more
– Discussion: – note carrying angle of the elbow (for cubitus valgus); – r/o subluxation: – palpate the nerve in the cubital tunnel and note its mobility; – it is essential to know whether ulnar nerve subluxation is present; – motor … Read more
– Discussion: – w/ flexion the cubital tunnel becomes taunt, and with extension the cubital tunnel becomes lax; – sharp freee margin of aponeurosis is stretched tightly over nerve during flexion; – volume of the cubital tunnel decreases, and extrinsic pressure increases during … Read more
– Discussion: – in the presence of H.O. the nerve should be placed in the subcutaneous position, since H.O. forms between muscle layers; – sub-muscular transposition (or subQ transposition) is also indicated to relieve tension following ulnar nerve repairs; – is often indicated in revision cubital tunnel surgery; … Read more
– See: Baumann’s Angle – Discussion: – cubitus varus is the most common complication following supracondylar frx, – orginally, etilogy of cubitus varus was thought to occur because of growth disturbance of distal humeral epiphysis; – this may be true but is uncommon; … Read more
– See: – Arterial Development: – Components: – inferolateral branch of arteria comitans nervi ischiadici inf gluteal ) – medial femoral circumflex – lateral femoral circumflex – 1st perforating branch of profunda – Discussion: – persisting distal portions of ischiadic artery become peroneal & … Read more