– Treatment Considerations: – it is essential to reduce the dislocation in the ER, so as to avoid tenting of the skin over the anterior tibia; – w/ a trimalleolar frx-dislocation, consider a posterior approach using an antiglide plate and fixation of the posterior malleolar fragment (which can be accomplished through … Read more
– Discussion: – some recommend early motion after operative treatment of ankle fractures; – however, there is little differnece in range of motion between ankles that are treated with early motion and those that are immobilized; – similarly, wt-bearing affects does not appear to affect recovery; – Non Operative … Read more
(See: Soft Tissue Menu) Discussion high grade sarcomas of vascular origin; occur most often in middle aged persons; when the tumor arises in bone, it frequently extends up and down the bone w/ distinctive pattern of “soap bubble” lesions; sub-types: hemangioendothelioma – more common in bone than in soft tissue hemangiopericytoma – more common in soft … Read more
Discussion (see also: role of ankle and subtalar joint in gait) normally, during the transition from foot flat to heel off, the foot dorsiflexes as the body moves forward; gait consequences of equinus contracture: patient may adopt a toe to toe gait pattern or a toe to heel gait pattern (premature forefoot loading) reduced propulsion … Read more
(see also: Sub-Talar Fusion, Tibial-Talar-Calcaneal Fusion Discussion and Outcomes: optimal position for fusion see gait and role of ankle joint in gait ref: Ankle arthrodesis. Long-term follow-up with gait analysis. Exam: perform an Allen test for the foot vasculature; note function of posterior tibial pulse while the dorsalis pedis pulse is occluded and vice versa; … Read more
origin: posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus; insertion: lateral side of olecranon process and posterior surface of proximal portion of ulna; action: extension and pronation of the forearm at the elbow; nerve supply: radial, C5, C6; synergist: triceps brachii The aconeus muscle flap: its anatomy and clinical application.
– Pre-anesthetic Considerations: – in spine injured patients, anesthesia is necessary even if the extremity is insensate inorder to prevent spasm and automatic dysreflexia; – need to monitor for automatic dysreflexia (spinal anesthesia preferred); – be aware that acture high paraplegics, because of generalized venous dilation, … Read more
– Anatomy: – PCL is approximately twice as strong and twice as thick as the normal ACL (therefore less commonly injured); – size: 13 mm, its length, 38 mm, (approximates that of ACL); – origin: – PCL originates from the antero-lateral aspect of … Read more
– See: – Development & Anomalies of Axis – Dens Frx: – Extension Teardrop Frx of C2 – Hangman’s Frx – Normal Variants: – Discussion: – C2 provides rotation at its superior articulation w/ C1, … Read more
(See also: CMC arthritis) Discussion base of thumb metacarpal articulates w/ saddle shaped trapezium; saddle shaped articulation provides inherent stability; radial lateral ligament, which is covered by APL tendon, inserts into the thumb metacarpal; deep anterior oblique ligament (palmar beak ligament) originates on the tuberosity of the trapezium & insertes on ulnar and volar edge … Read more