Below Knee Amputation
– See: – BKA Prosthesis – Amputations in the Diabetic Patient – Pediatric BKA: – Discussion: – length considerations: – ideal bone length is between 12 to 17 cm as measured from the medial joint line; – in … Read more
Muscles Tendons
Becker Muscular Dystrophy
– Discussion: – is X-linked recessive dystrophy that shares many of the features of DMD, including pseudohypertrophy of muscles; – main clinical difference is that the course is more protracted; – patients are usually able to walk as late as early adulthood and often live into their 30s and … Read more
Bankart Lesion
– Discussion: – is an avulsion of the anteroinferior glenoid labrum at its attachment to IGHL complex; – lesion is felt to result from anterior shoulder dislocation and is felt to be primary lesion in recurrent anterior instability; – when Bankart lesion occurs, there is obligitory concomitant capsular disruption, w/ stretching or elongation … Read more
Bankart Reconstruction Techniques
Carl J. Basamania M.D. – Discussion of Bankart Lesions – Assessment of Bankhart Lesion: … Read more
Base of Proximal Phalanx
– See: Complex MP Joint Dislocations; – Discussion: – marginal fractures of the base of the base of the proximal phalanx involving MP joint usually represent avulsion fractures of collateral ligament; – often there is a significant sized palmar-ulnar or palmar radial fragment; – Non Operative Treatment: – nondisplaced … Read more
Baker’s Cyst / Popliteal Cysts
– Discussion: – a type of cyst which results from egress of fluid through a normal communication of a bursa (semimembranosus or medial gastrocnemius bursa) or may be caused by herniation of the synovial membrane through the joint capsule; – symptoms develope most often in bursa beneath the medial head of gastrocnemius … Read more
Ballottement test (shuck test): Lunotriquetral instability
– Discussion: – triquetrum is displaced dorsally and palmarly on the lunate, demonstrating increase excursion over the normal side and often a painful crepitus; – compression test: displacement of the triquetrum ulnarly during radioulnar deviation, which is also painful; Shear test: – for triquetrolunate strain; – shear force applied … Read more
Bacteriology of Hand infections
– See Human Bite – Bacteria Sensitive to Augmentin / Unasyn – staph aureus – along w/ streptococcus is the most common inciting organism in hand infections; – streptococcal Gr A beta hemolytic – shows cellulitis, lymphangitis, lymphadenopathy, fever, and a … Read more
Axillary Approach to the Shoulder
– Indications: – most often used for anterior shoulder reconstructions – Positioning: – beach chair w/ full access to posterior aspect of shoulder; – holding shoulder in flexion, will relax shoulder & facilitate exposure; – consider the Mconnel Shoulder Positioner; – references: … Read more