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Bankart Lesion

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- Discussion:
- is an avulsion of the anteroinferior glenoid labrum at its attachment to IGHL complex;
- lesion is felt to result from anterior shoulder dislocation and is felt to be primary lesion in recurrent anterior instability;
- when Bankart lesion occurs, there is obligitory concomitant capsular disruption, w/ stretching or elongation of the IGHL;
- in up to 30% of patients the IGHL will heal in a redundant position;
- diff dx:
- glenoid labrum has many variations;
- fraying is the most common and often does not indicate pathology;
- anterior glenoid defect:
- in the experimental study by Itoi I, et al. (2000), the authors studied the role of an anterior gleoid defect (after Bankhart repair) on anterior instability;
- they found that an osseous defect with a width that is at least 21% (about 7 mm) of the glenoid length may cause instability and limit the range of motion of the shoulder after Bankart repair;
- antero-superior labral anomalies:
- congential anomalies of labrum are often seen in its anterior and superior portion;
- isolated lesions of the anterosuperior portion of the labrum which do not involve the biceps brachii, will not cause significant changes in anteroposterior or superoinferior glenohumeral translation;
- surgical debridment is not indicated;
- labral lesions which extend from the anterosuperior portion of the labrum to the biceps insertion will result in significant changes in glenohumeral translation;
- Hagl Lesion:
- avulsion of inferior ligament from the humerus;
- ref:  Radiologic Case Study
- Exam: Rotatory Stress Test
- ref: The effect of a glenoid defect on anteroinferior stability of the shoulder after Bankart repair: a cadaveric study.


- Radiographs:
- West Point Axillary View: may identify bony Bankhart;
- Stryker Notch

- MRI of the Shoulder:
- references:
- MR imaging of the labral-capsular complex: Normal variations.
- CT and MR evaluation of the labral capsular ligamentous complex of the shoulder.



- Anterior Shoulder Reconstruction:
- axillary surgical approach
- bankart lesion fixation technique

- Arthroscopic Shoulder Reconstruction


Congenital anteroinferior instability treated by Bankart repair.

Analysis of Bankart lesion in the recurrent dislocation or subluxation of the shoulder.

Recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Long-term follow-up of the Putti-Platt and Bankart procedures.

Recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Results after the Bankart and Putti-Platt operations.

The Bankart procedure: a long-term end-result study.

Biomechanical evaluation of a simulated Bankart lesion.

Modification of the Bankart reconstruction with a suture anchor. Report of a new technique.

Bankart Repair for Anterior Instability of the Shoulder. Long Term Outcome.

Biomechanical evaluation of a simulated Bankart lesion.