– See Steroids – Discussion: – not used for Cerebral edema; – useful for Potassium wasting; – Dosing: – PO: 4-48mg/day depending on disease and clinical response; – IV: 30mg/kg infused over 10-20min for septic shock; – Dosage for Severe bronchospasm: – 0.5-1mg/kg initially, followed by tapering doses q4-6hr Original Articles: A Randomized, Controlled Trial … Read more
– Discussion: – in the normal foot, metatarsal heads bear one half of a person’s body wt, when the foot is plantigrade; – the first metatarsal normally bears half the wt of the forefoot; – long 2nd metatarsal can contribute to pressure under metatarsal head; – limitation of dorsiflexion (from heel cord contracture or ankle … Read more
– Discussion – see: Bone Tumor Menu – Types of Metastatic Carcinoma: – breast cancer – renal cell ca – prostatic cancer – lung carcinoma – thyroid cancer: – may cause heavy bleeding if disturbed (consider need for embolization prior to biopsy … Read more
– Operative Considerations (see IM nailing and Synthes IM Nail); – should be considered when x-rays show more than 50% loss of the shaft diameter on any view; – risk of pathologic frx is low for lesions involving 50% of the shaft diameter (assuming that patient is touch down weight bearing), but rises dramatically after the … Read more
– Discussion: – displacement of metacarpal shaft fractures is prevented by intermetacarpal ligaments and intrinsic muscles; – the border metacarpals (thumb, index, and little) are not supported as well as the ring and long metacarpals and are therefore more likely to displace; – effect of shortening: … Read more
– Discussion: – muscle contraction is initiated w/ release of ionic calcium, from terminal cisternae into the sarcoplasm; – complexing of calcium by troponin shifts the protein conformations in thin filament & allows formation of crossbridges between actin & myosin, which then moves the actin molecule up long axis of the myosin filament; … Read more
– See: Extra-articular Thumb Metacarpal Fractures – Discussion: – interosseous muscles & intrinsically strong carpometacarpal capsular and interosseous ligaments provide intrinsic stability to extra-articular fractures at the metacarpal bases; – mechanism of frx of little CMC: – stability of CMC joint derives from articulation w/ carpal … Read more
– carpometacarpal fracture dislocation – dislocation of MP joint: – complex dislocations of the MP joint – simple dislocations of the MP joint – thumb MP joint dislocation – metacarpal head frx – metacarpal neck fracture – metacarpal shaft fractures – MP joint locking – rheumatoid arthritis: MP joint – MP joint arthroplasty – MP … Read more
– Discussion: – semilunar cartilages are extensions of tibial articulation of knee; – w/o menisci, tibial articulation is incongruous with the femur; – microscopic features – vascular anatomy – anatomy: – medial meniscus – bucket handle meniscus tear – posterior horn tears of medial meniscus – lateral meniscus – discoid meniscus – ref: A Quantitative … Read more
Meds: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X … Read more