– See: – Lateral radiograph of the Knee – Patella Infera – Subluxation of the Patella – Discussion: – patella alta refers to an abnormally high patella in relation to femur; – may result in Subluxation and dislocation of patella; – Associated Conditions: … Read more
– Discussion: – patient may note new onset of anterior knee pain; – diagnosis may be difficult if frx is non-displaced; – if patient is more than 6-12 months post-op, then consider bone scan; – Etilogy: – devascularization of the patella (as might … Read more
– See: – Bone Tumor Menu: – Classic Osteosarcoma – Discussion: – parosteal osteosarcoma is a low-grade malignant bone tumor that usually occurs on the surface of the metaphysis of long bones; – arises between cortex and muscle as a low grade stage I-A surface tumor (ie does not initially invade … Read more
– Discussion: – distal end of femur is hypoplastic, tibia is absent, & proximal dislocation of fibular head; – incidence is 1 in 1 million. – has a familial inheritance; – tibial hemimelia may be terminal or intercalary, complete or incomplete. – 30% percent of … Read more
– Discussion: – malposition of the joint line: – varus tibial component positioning – AP and lateral mechanical axias views can often identify subtle malalignment – flexion of femoral component: – will result in loss of full … Read more
– Discussion: – a chronic progressive disease osteoblasts and osteoclasts which results in abnormal bone remodeling; – etiology, staging, and pathogenesis – prevalence: – uncommon in pts under age of 55 yrs but relatively common in later life, occurring in 3-4% of persons over 55 yrs & occurs in 10% in pts over age 80; – reference: – … Read more
– Discussion: – commonly presents in females over age 60 years of age; – pain may or may not be associated w/ acute injury and may be worse at night; – these lesions often show articular degenerative changes, especially when lesions are large or when there is pre-existing varus … Read more
– See: diabetic foot menu – Discussion: – see osteomyelitis – dx of osteomyelitis can be a difficult problem in diabetic pts w/ foot infections; – some physicians will make the dianosis of osteomyelitis if they can palpate bone thru the skin lesion; – … Read more
– Pathogenesis: – see: hematogenous osteomyelitis and pediatric bone circulation – tortuous course of the nutrient vessels in bone causes bacteria to be trapped in the metaphysis; – once lodged in the metaphysis, the infection spreads toward the epiphysis; – in neonates the periosteum … Read more
(see also: Pyknodyostosis) Discussion disease characterized by failure of maturation and organization of collagen fibers; defect in collagen (procollagen to type I collagen sequence and abnormal cross linking) leading to decreased collagen secretion, bone fragility; there may be an inability to form normal bone due to a defect in osteoblastic function; with the formation of … Read more