– Discussion – see: Bone Tumor Menu – Types of Metastatic Carcinoma: – breast cancer – renal cell ca – prostatic cancer – lung carcinoma – thyroid cancer: – may cause heavy bleeding if disturbed (consider need for embolization prior to biopsy … Read more
– Operative Considerations (see IM nailing and Synthes IM Nail); – should be considered when x-rays show more than 50% loss of the shaft diameter on any view; – risk of pathologic frx is low for lesions involving 50% of the shaft diameter (assuming that patient is touch down weight bearing), but rises dramatically after the … Read more
– Discussion: – displacement of metacarpal shaft fractures is prevented by intermetacarpal ligaments and intrinsic muscles; – the border metacarpals (thumb, index, and little) are not supported as well as the ring and long metacarpals and are therefore more likely to displace; – effect of shortening: … Read more
– Advantages: – larger heads helps avoid dislocation: – avoidance of screws – larger heads allows greater ROM – Disadvantages: – metallosis – contraindictated in renal insufficiency; – Levels: – normal cobalt: – mean serum cobalt level of 0.24 µg/L (range: 0.08 to 0.50 µg/L) – highest safe level: … Read more
– Discussion: – heterogeneous group of intrinsic dysplasias characterized by x-ray changes in the metaphysesof the short and long tubular bones (epiphyses remains normal); – defect appears to lie in proliferative & hypertrophic zones of physis; – hypercalcemia is common; – diff dx: … Read more
– carpometacarpal fracture dislocation – dislocation of MP joint: – complex dislocations of the MP joint – simple dislocations of the MP joint – thumb MP joint dislocation – metacarpal head frx – metacarpal neck fracture – metacarpal shaft fractures – MP joint locking – rheumatoid arthritis: MP joint – MP joint arthroplasty – MP … Read more
– Adult: 50-150mg PO/IM/SQ q3-4hr prn Pain; (75mg IM Demerol =10mg Morphine) 1-2 mg/kg/dose PO/IM/IV (including Peds q 6 hr) – PO: peak effect at 2 hrs; – IM/IV: onset at 2-5 min; Peak at 1 hr; lasts 2-3 hrs. – IV administration must be slow in diluted solution; – Peds: 1 mg/kg/dose IV/IM q2-4hr; 1.0-1.5 mg/kg/dose … Read more
– Discussion: – for evaluation of both the patella and trochlea surfaces of femur; – disadvantages: – this view does not necessarily predict which patients will show functional improvements w/ surgical realignment; – as pointed out by O’Neil (1997) some patients … Read more
– Discussion: – semilunar cartilages are extensions of tibial articulation of knee; – w/o menisci, tibial articulation is incongruous with the femur; – microscopic features – vascular anatomy – anatomy: – medial meniscus – bucket handle meniscus tear – posterior horn tears of medial meniscus – lateral meniscus – discoid meniscus – ref: A Quantitative … Read more
The penetration characteristics of cefazolin, cephalothin, and cephradine into bone in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Concentration of antibiotics in normal bone after intravenous injection. Benefits and risks of sequential parenteral–oral cephalosporin therapy for suppurative bone and joint infections. Oral ciprofloxacin compared with parenteral antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis. Oral ciprofloxacin treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa … Read more