Medical Malpractice Insurance for orthopaedic surgeons

Left Thoracic Scoliosis

– Discussion:     – left thoracic curvatures are uncommon (1-2% of curves)     – associatted conditions: (33 % of patients)          – occult syrinx;                – treatment of the scoliosis without recognition of syringomyelia and Chiari malformation can lead to paraplegia;       … Read more

Lauge Hansen Classification

– Discussion: – theory based on reproduction of frx patterns in cadavera; – rationale was to guide closed treatment of fractures about the ankle; – initial position of the foot is either supination or pronation;       – supination of foot places tension on lateral structures of ankle;       – pronation places … Read more

Laxatives

BISACODYL  DOCUSATE calcium Fleets Enema GLYCERIN suppostories  GO-LYTELY  Lactulose  MAGNESIUM citrate Metamucil:  MAGNESIUM hydroxide  Mineral oil SORBITOL

LC-DCP, 4.5 mm in Pure Titanium

– See:  Synthes Plates and Screws:3.5 MM DCP, LC-DCP   3.5 MM LCP    4.5 MM LCP RECONSTRUCTION PLATE      – Dynamic Compression Plates:     – Properties of Titanium; – Discussion:     – is used for same indications as DCP, but the improved design offers additional advantages;     – undercut plate holes: undercut at each … Read more

Lateral View of Wrist

– Discussion:     – view should demonstrate the metacarpals, lunate and radius aligned     – hand will appear slightly palmar flexed;     – w/ proper technique, the volar pisiform will lie between the distal aspect of scaphoid and the palmar aspect of the head of the capitate; – Specific Point of Evaluation: … Read more

Lathyrism

– Discussion:     – lathyritic animals are known to have soft, deformed bones, many joint dislocations, and aortic aneurysms;     – if the extracellular processes of cross-link formation are inhibited, collagen will remain soluble, which is the case in a disease known as           lathyrism.     – ingestion of agents called lathyrogens, including b-aminopropionitrile, causes … Read more

Latissimus Dorsi

– origin: broad aponeurosis that originates on the spinous processesof the lower 6 thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae;          posterior crest of ilium, posterior surface  of sacrum, lower 3 or 4 ribs, and an attachment of the tip of the scapula; – insertion: flat tendon that twists upon itself to insert into the intertubercular groove of … Read more

Lateral Retinacular Release

– See: Retinacular Release for TKR:  – Discussion:      – see lateral anatomy of the knee and blood supply to the knee;      – lateral release detaches patella from lateral soft tissue structures, including lateral retinaculum, fibers from tensa fascia lata muscle, & joint capsule;           – a successful release should release the lateral … Read more

Lateral stenosis

– Discussion:     – involves impingment of nerve roots lateral to the thecal sac, as they pass thru the neural foramina;     – anatomically there is compression from medial aspect of hypertrophic superior articular facet,     – often associated with facet joint arthropathy (superior articular process enlargement) and disc disease;     … Read more