Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Muscle Fiber Types

– See: Muscle Menu – Two Major Fiber Types: type I and type II fibers;     – in lower mammals and other animals, muscles are generally composed entirely type I or type II fibers;     – human muscle is made up of a mixture of type I and type II fibers;     – … Read more

Multifidus

– a series of pairs of muscles of small muscles extending the full length of the spine just superficial to the rotators and each spanning 2 or 3 intervertebral spaces before inserting; origin: posterior surface of the sacrum, the dorsal end of the iliac crest, the transverse processes of the lumbar and the thoracic vertebrae and the … Read more

Multipartite Patella

– See: Bipartite Patellae: – Discussion:     – multipartite patella may present diagnostic dilemma in child with anterior knee symptoms;     – these often incidental radiographic findings have been classified into three types:          – type I–at inferior pole (5 % of all lesions)          – type II–at … Read more

Multiple Cartilaginous Exostoses (Hereditary Exostosis)

– See: Bone Tumor Menu – Discussion:     – an osteochondroma that results from a dysplasia of peripheral growth plate;            – as its name implies, multiple hereditary exostosis is an inherited condition which produces multiple exostoses;     – occurs in 1 out of 50,000 people;     – … Read more

Multiple Enchodromatosis (Ollier’s Disease)

– Discussion:     – originally was described by Ollier in late 1800s;     – characterized by multiple enchondroma lesions primarily located w/ in the metaphyseal regions of tubular bones;     – usually diagnosed in childhood;     – pts w/ Ollier’s dz have increased risk of a secondary chondrosarcoma developing later in … Read more

Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia

Discussion multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (a common type of osteochondrodysplasia) is characterized by disturbance of normal ossification w/ in epiphysis; pathologic abnormality is a disturbance in enchondral ossification of epiphyses and physes; is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity; disorder is manifested as multiple areas of abnormal growth and ossification of the epiphysis; … Read more

Orthopaedic Disaster Preparedness and Trauma Care Curriculum

SOMOS Core Curriculum and Critical Skills List The Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons (SOMOS) teaches the “Combat Extremity Surgical Course” (CESC) to military surgeons prior to deployment. The SOMOS Core Curriculum and Critical Skills List are derived from the CESC objectives and are presented as part of the Orthopaedic Disaster Preparedness and Trauma Care Tool Box initiative.       … Read more

Mucopolysaccharidoses

– Discussion:     – are characterized by a defect in metabolism of one or more mucopolysaccharides, w/ resulting excessive accumulation of these             substances in the extracellular spaces of the connective tissues;     – this group of disorders is characterized by a deficiency of specific lysosomal enzymes required for degradation of glycosaminoglycans;         … Read more

Mucous Cyst

– See: Hand Tumors – Discussion:     – cystic lesion (actually a ganglion) over dorsum of finger near DIP & fingernail;     – it is associated w/ degenerative lesions and spur formation (Heberden’s nodes) over DIP joint;     – ganglion may or may not be connected to DIP joint by a synovial stalk; … Read more