– See: – Amputation of the Finger and Hand: – Above-Elbow Amputation – Below-Elbow Amputation – Upper Extremity Prosthetics: – Wrist Disarticulations – General Considerations: – Disability: – loss of one upper extremity … Read more
– Wrist: – exam: flexed & ulnarly deviated – synovectomy: – synovectomy is most indicates before joint changes occur; – flexion deformity: – 30 deg wrist flexion deformity can be treated by serial splinting & casting; … Read more
– Terminal Devices: – Functional Hooks vs. Cosmetic Hands; – Hooks: Voluntary opening vs closing: – voluntary opening: – more popular & are recognized by their numbers of rubber bands (# is proportional to pinch strength, w/ 3 bands equal to about … Read more
– Discussion: – see: elbow flexion contracture; – indicated for patients w/ loss of motion (out of functional range from 30 to 130 deg) due to anterior and posterior osteophytes; – PreOp Planning and Positioning: – patient is supine w/ bump placed under shoulder, and arm folded across chest; … Read more
– See: Multidirectional Instability: – Radiographic Subtypes: – Subcoracoid – most common type of anterior dislocation – head of humerus is displaced anteriorly w/ respect to glenoid, & is inferior to coracoid process; – greater tuberosity is fixed on anterior glenoid rim; – neck … Read more
– Discussion: – characterized by tearing of coracoclavicular ligaments & upward displacement of the medial fragment; – displacement secondary to frx medial to the CC ligaments – Deforming Forces: – wt of arm pulls outer fragment downward and forward due to attachments of trapezoid ligament to scapula; … Read more
– Discussion: – encountered in infants and young children; – this frx is difficult to diagnose since humeral epiphysis since it is mostly cartilage; – Treatment: – if arm is shortened and abducted then restore length & alignment by applying longitudinal traction w/ arm in 90 deg of abduction, … Read more
– Osteosarcoma (common) – Enchondroma (relatively common) – Ewing’s sarcoma: diaphyseal region; – Periosteal chondroma (just proximal to insertion of deltoid) – Osteochondroma – Chondroblastoma – Chondromyxoid fibroma – Aneurysmal bone cyst – Simple bone cyst – Giant Cell Tumor of Bone; – Chondrosarcoma: (affects the shoulder girdle) – Fibrous Histiocytoma – Fibrosarcoma of bone; … Read more
– Bone Tumors – Biopsy – European Cancer Institute – Soft Tissue Sarcomas – Metastatic Tumors – MRI – Stage Classification Tissue type: – Osseous – Myositis ossificans – Extraosseous osteosarcoma – Carilaginous: – Chondroma – Extraosseous chondrosarcoma – Synovial Chondromatosis – Fibrous: – Fibroma – Fibrosarcoma – Desmoplastic Fibroma – … Read more
– See: Ossification of Soft Tissue and Periosteum: – Discussion: – heritable dz characterized by periarticular metastatic calcification; – typically the shoulders and hips are affected most often; – vascular and visceral calcification does not occur; – hyperphosphatemia may play a role in this disorder; – Clincal … Read more