– Technique: – protocols: fat suppressed T2 wt images and proton density weighted images – older protocol: T1 & T2 coronal oblique spin-echo sequences with use of 14 cm field of view and a four-millimeter slice thickness; – Discussion: – it is the most important view for identification of … Read more
– See: – MRI Spine: Discussion; – Role of CT in C-spine Injuries: – Discussion: – for visualizing soft tissue and neural elements, & unsuspected disc herniations in presence of cercial spine fractures; – disc herniation may indicate disruption of anterior or posterior longitudinal ligament; – MRI … Read more
– Discussion: – it is not a neuroma but a perineural fibrosis and it was not first accurately described by Morton but by Durlacher, a chiropodist in 1845; both Thomas G. Morton (1876) and Thomas K. Morton (1892) mistook it for a painful affection of the fourth MTP articulation – it is a type of nerve compression … Read more
– Mosaicplasty: – refers to the technique of harvesting small circular (4-8 mm) autogenous grafts from the knee from non wt bearing regions of the knee, and transplanting the grafts in a mosaic pattern until the osteochondral defect is filled; – typically the grafts are harvested from the periphery of the supero-lateral trochlea, but often, the … Read more
– Discussion: – most common pattern of motor branch of median nerve is extraligamentous take off from main branch of median nerve (distal to TCL in 50% pts) – in 30% of pts motor branch exits proximal to TLC; – in 20% of pts motor branch exits distal to TLC; … Read more
– See: Sensory latency – Discussion: – distal motor latency is the interval between the stimulus and the onset of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in the thenar muscles; – a motor conduction latency of more than 4.0 msec is significant; – incremental change of 0.4 msec in the … Read more
– See: MP joint in RA – Planning: – indications: – irretrievable articular cartilage damage; – volar subluxation; – dislocation are indications for surgery; – cautions: – cervical spine … Read more
– Discussion: – index finger is most commonly involved, often found in older pts w/degenerative arthritis; – Etiology: – muscular contracture or trauma; – collateral ligament or volar plate tethering on prominent MP head or osteophyte (on either side or volar aspect of metacarpal head); – torn palmar … Read more
– See: – Plating Techniques – Monteggia Fractures in Children – Discussion: – Giovanni Monteggia (1814) first described frx of proximal 1/3 of ulna in association w/ anterior dislocation of radial head; – hence dislocation of radial head w/ frx of proximal 1/3 of ulna is known as Monteggia’s deformity. – Mechanism: – proposed … Read more
Discussion short trunk disproportionate dwarfism is established by age of 2 or 3 and progresses; inherited as autosomal recessive trait; children have normal intelligence and survive well into adulthood; pectus carinatum is also apparant; other problems include corneal opacity and abnormal dentition; type of mucopolysaccharidoses in which keratan sulfate accumulates in the tissues; measurement of … Read more