OXTRIPHYLLINE/CHOLEDYL
– Discussion: – for Asthma and bronchospasm; – methylxanthine, smooth muscle relaxant equivalent to theophylline; – Adult: 200mg PO qid; SR tab:400-600mg q12hr
Muscles Tendons
Over Distraction of Distal Radius Frx
– Discussion: – distraction (or ligamentotaxis) is used to facilitate reduction of distal radius frx; – overdistraction will cause increased mid & proximal carpal joint space widening & resistance to passive flexion of finger tips to distal palm; – look for over distraction when proximal … Read more
Osteonecrosis of Knee
– Discussion: – commonly presents in females over age 60 years of age; – pain may or may not be associated w/ acute injury and may be worse at night; – these lesions often show articular degenerative changes, especially when lesions are large or when there is pre-existing varus … Read more
Osteomalacia – Rickets: Gastrointestinal and Bilary Causes
– See: Vitamin D Defiency Rickets; – Discussion: – following a Polya or Billroth II gastrectomy, osteomalacia develops that was quite subtle and only revealed itself by increasing muscle weakness or a pathological fracture; – abnormal fat metabolism, usually associated w/ failure of emulsifying action of bile salts or presence of free fat … Read more
Osteomyelitis
– Discussion: – predisposing conditions: – open fracture (traumatic tibia infections) – sickle cell anemia – septic arthritis – in children, distinguishing between metaphyseal osteomyelitis and … Read more
Osteomyelitis: Debridement of Sequestra
– See: tibial infection and debridement of tibial fractures – Discussion: – see cierny classifcation – a sequestrum is infected dead bone resulting from osteomyelitis; – it is secluded from host immune system and is secluded from antibiotics; – result is a chronic and persistent of infection; … Read more
Osteomyelitis in the Infant:
– Pathogenesis: – see: hematogenous osteomyelitis and pediatric bone circulation – tortuous course of the nutrient vessels in bone causes bacteria to be trapped in the metaphysis; – once lodged in the metaphysis, the infection spreads toward the epiphysis; – in neonates the periosteum … Read more
Osteomalacia
Discussion is a type of metabolic bone disease in which the essential problem is a lack of available calcium or phosphorus (or both) for mineralization of newly formed osteoid; children w/ rickets & adults w/ osteomalacia present w/ similar findings; etiology of rickets and osteomalacia hyperthyroid induced osteopenia: chronic use of anticonvulsant medication: deficiency states: … Read more
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
(see also: Pyknodyostosis) Discussion disease characterized by failure of maturation and organization of collagen fibers; defect in collagen (procollagen to type I collagen sequence and abnormal cross linking) leading to decreased collagen secretion, bone fragility; there may be an inability to form normal bone due to a defect in osteoblastic function; with the formation of … Read more
Osteoid Osteoma
– See: Bone Tumor Menu – Discussion: – benign osseous tumor usually less than 1.5 cm in diameter, comprising 11% of all benign bone tumors; – no cases of malignant transformation has been reported; – occurs primarily in adolescents and less often in children; … Read more