Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Polydactyly of the Hand:

    – See:       – Polydactyly of the Thumb:       – Polydacyly of the Foot: – Discussion:     – polydactyly is most common hand anomaly;     – may involve autosomal dominant transmission in which case an asociatted syndrome is generally not present;           – … Read more

Polydactyly of the Thumb

  – See: Polydactyly: – Discussion:     – polydactyly of the thumb occurs in many forms, ranging from varying degrees of mere splitting to completely duplicated thumb;     – occasionally it consists of only fleshy nubbins on radial border;     – when duplication occurs alone, it is usually unilateral and sporadic;   … Read more

Polarus IM Nail

  Polarus Implant Features A patented array of 5.0 mm proximal holes to allow for secure fixation of the most common multi-part proximal humeral fractures. Each screw is designed with deep cancellous threads for added holding power. Strategic screw locations help avoid the axillary nerve and other key structures. Distal interlocking is achieved with up … Read more

Polio: Claw Toes

– See:       – Claw Toes       – Poliomyelitis – Discussion:     – 2 causes          – long toe extensors:                – substitute for severely weakened ankle dorsiflexors;                – clawing is even more marked w/ Achilles tendon contracture;     … Read more

Plating of Tibial Fractures

– Discussion:      – plating techniques and synthese products     – primarily indication for plates and screws is a displaced intra-articular frx of tibia, involving either knee or ankle;     – main disadvantage is skin necrosis and resultant infection;     – malunions and mal-non-unions are other indications;  – Operative Techniques for Proximal Tibial Fractures: … Read more

Plate Fixation of Proximal Humeral Frx

– Discussion:      – indicated for displaced surgical neck, 3 part, and 4 part fracture;       – deforming forces:             – pectoralis major pulls the shaft medially, anteriorly and internally rotates;             – supraspinatus abducts the head fragment in two part fractures;             – w/ greater tuberosity is fracture, it will be pulled superiorly … Read more

Plantar Muscles of the Foot

– See: Innerv. Musc. Lower Limb – Plantar muscles of the foot are divided into 4 layers; – 1st Layer: – first two layers originate from calcaneal tuberosity and the other two from the metatarsal shafts; – first subfascial layer consists (from lateral to medial) of the ADM, FDB, & abductor hallucis; – plantar fascia … Read more

Plantaris

– Anatomy:     – origin: the inferior aspect of the lateral prolongation of the linea aspera and from the          oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint;     – insertion: the medial posterior part of the calcaneus, via achilles tendon;     – action: plantar flexes the foot at the … Read more