– Adult male: 0.7-1.3 mg/dL; – Adult female: 0.6-1.1 mg/dL; – Child: 0.3-0.7 mg/dL – Increased: – Renal Failure – Postrenal Obstruction – Gigantism, Acromegaly, – Ingestion of Roasted Meat – Aminoglycosides – H2 Blockers – NSAIA False positives: w/ Ketones (DKA); Decreased: Pregnancy, Loss of muscle … Read more
– Discussion: – involves a combination of ligamentous injury at inferior portion of SI joint, and verticle fracture of the posterior ilium which extends thru iliac crest; – posterior superior iliac spine remain attached to the sacrum; – often occurs as a part of lateral compression fractures; … Read more
– Discussion: – most common type of navicular frx; – caused by a twisting force (usually eversion) applied to the foot; – acute eversion of foot, resulting in increased tension on posterior tibial tendon or anterior fibers of deltoid ligament, places avulsion pull on navicular tuberosity, producing this fracture; … Read more
– Discussion: – the Coventry type of HTO, creates an osteotomy above the tibial tubercle; – in choosing a closing wedge osteotomy, the surgeon should be sure that the major deformity is on the tibial side (vs femoral side); – the disadvantages of this type of osteotomy include possible … Read more
Origin: tip of coracoid process on scapula; Insertion: middle of medial border of humerus, opposite deltoid tuberosity; action: horizontal flexion and adduction of the humerus at the shoulder; synergists: pectoralis major, biceps brachi, and anterior deltoid; nerve supply: musculocutaneous, C6, C7; – Surgical Hazards: – profunda gives off muscular branches, usually gives rise to … Read more
Anatomy: coracoid process can be palpated thru anterior deltoid muscle one to two finger breadths below outer portion of clavicle; one finger breadth lateral to coracoid is the GHJ; provides a palpable guide to deltopectoral groove; serves as an anchor for coracoid muscles (coracobrachialis & short head of biceps) that separate lateral safe side from medial … Read more
– Discussion: – coronoid helps to resist varus stress and posterior elbow subluxation (radial head also resists posterior subluxation); – pivotal role as an anterior buttress; – at least 50% of the coronoid must be present for the ulno-humeral joint to have normal function (i.e., for joint to be stable); … Read more
– Discussion: – can reduce back and knee pain; – improved ability to sit for longer periods of time; – increased incidence of dislocation; – indications for conversion: – painful pseudarthrosis – pseudorthrosis rates … Read more
– See: – Pressure Irrigation – Topical Agents and Antiseptics – Management: – antibiotic bead pouch: – after stabilization has been completed, osseous defects may be filled w/ antibiotic-impregnated methylmethacrylate beads; – these are made by the mixing … Read more
– Discussion: – stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor pollicis longus in childhood is relatively uncommon condition which causes triggering, IP joint flexion contracture, and a flexor tendon nodule over the metacarpal head level (Notta’s nodule); – although present at birth, dx often not made until 4-6 months of age – … Read more