– See: A. Fib – Discussion: – atrial flutter may be assoc w/ sick sinus syndrome, hypoxia, Pericarditis, valvular heart dz, and less commonly, acute myocardial infarction; – orginates in a single atrial ectopic focus; – flutter waves occur in rapid succession & are identical; – flutter waves have “saw tooth” appearance & do not … Read more
– See: – Occipital-Atlanto-Axial Anomalies: – Anatomy of C1 / C2 – Discussion: – more common children, since the pediatric occipital condyles are small and almost horizontal & lack inherent stability; – this injury is usually but not invariably fatal 2nd to respiratory arrest caused by injury … Read more
– ADI in Adults: – in flexion, ADI should be less than 3 mm; – ADI in Children: – in flexion, ADI should be less than 3.5 mm; – Diff Dx of ADI Wideing: – Jefferson’s Fracture: – Atlanto Axial Rotatory Fixation: – Atlanto Axial … Read more
– Post Op Care: – following surgery, the wrist is splinted in neutral or slight extension; – this avoids anterior displacement of median nerve w/ entrapment between divided margins of the TCL; – some believe early motion (with in days … Read more
– Discussion: – note carrying angle of the elbow (for cubitus valgus); – r/o subluxation: – palpate the nerve in the cubital tunnel and note its mobility; – it is essential to know whether ulnar nerve subluxation is present; – motor … Read more
– Discussion: – w/ flexion the cubital tunnel becomes taunt, and with extension the cubital tunnel becomes lax; – sharp freee margin of aponeurosis is stretched tightly over nerve during flexion; – volume of the cubital tunnel decreases, and extrinsic pressure increases during … Read more
– Discussion: – in the presence of H.O. the nerve should be placed in the subcutaneous position, since H.O. forms between muscle layers; – sub-muscular transposition (or subQ transposition) is also indicated to relieve tension following ulnar nerve repairs; – is often indicated in revision cubital tunnel surgery; … Read more
– See: – Soft Tissue Replacement in the Hand – Finger Tip Injuries – Discussion: – crossed finger flaps can be used to cover finger tip injuries w/ excessive loss of volar pulp tissue; – rectangular flap is raised from 3 sides of the dorsal … Read more
– Discussion: – demonstrates intra-articular extension of frx – degree of comminution of posterior facet; – calcaneocuboid joint; – impingement of lateral border of calcaneus on lateral malleolus and entrapment of tendons or nerves can be demonstrated; – latter is best seen … Read more
– See: Priorities of Weaning from Ventilatory Support Vital Capacity > 15 cc/kg Negative Inspiratory Force < -25 cm H2O Respiratory rate < 30 Spontaneous Tidal vol > 5 cc/kg (may not be important) 48 % false negative prediction of outcome; PaO2 > 300 mm Hg on FiO2 of 100%; Trial of room air @CPApp4fvn[CPAP: … Read more