– Discussion: – DDH involves displacement of the femoral head from the acetabulum (during the perinatal period) which disrupts the normal development of the hip joint; – DDH is estimated to occur in 1 – 1.5 cases per 1000 live births; – when an agressive screening system is in place (including routine use … Read more
– Cementless Design: – acetabular components that are to be inserted w/o cement should be designed to be portions of spheres so that spherical reaming will optimize contact; – sufficient initial fixation is a requirement for osseointegration and secondary stability of press fit cups; – surface coating: – … Read more
patello-femoral function: – significant forces are generated across the patellofemoral articulation on flexion and extension of the knee; – these forces progressively increase as flexion angle of knee increase; – contact area between the femur and the … Read more
– See: – Anatomy of C2 – Development of Dens – Odontoid view: – Pediatric Dens Frx: – Discussion: – odontoid fractures are the most common upper Cervical Spine fractures; – remeber rule of thirds – cervical cord occupies … Read more
– Discussion: Stimulus for Contraction: – stimulus for muscle contraction is an electrical impulse from motor nerve at the motor end-plate or neuromuscular junction; – when sarcolemma is stimulated by an incoming impulse, sodium, potassium, and chloride ions move about w/in transverse tubules to spread impulse and depolarize membranes; … Read more
– See: – Anatomic Snuff Box – First Compartment – Discussion: – a stenosing tenosynovitis of APL & EPB tendons (first compartment) at the styloid process of the radius; – inflammation causes thickening & stenosis of synovial sheath of first compartment & pain w/ tendon movement; – most common in women between 30 and 50 … Read more
– See: – Myopathic Disorders – Ossification of Soft Tissue and Periosteum: – Discussion: – most common collagen vascular diseases which affect muscle; – pts may be affected at any age; – may be due to viral infection; – in adults, note possible concomitant occult neoplasm; – Clinical Findings: – systemic illness; – muscle … Read more
(See also: Deltoid Ligament Injuries due to Ankle Fractures) Anatomy and Function medial side of ankle is stabilized by deltoid ligament, which always has: tibionavicular, tibiospring, and deep posterior tibiotalar ligaments superficial deltoid: originates from anterior & inferior aspects of medial malleolus fanning out & sending 3 bands to navicular and along plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) … Read more
– Discussion: – in absence of a medial malleolar fracture deltoid ligament may be stretched or torn in all oblique frx of fibula; – this ligament prevents posterior tibial tendon from slipping into ankle joint; – ligament ultimately heals in a lengthen position; – these … Read more
– See: Shoulder Abductors – Discussion: – major function of the deltoid muscle is to abduct arm; – it performs this action after scapula[scapula has been fixed by its stabilizing muscles and the humeral head has been snubbed to glenoid by the rotator cuff; … Read more