Dr. Mangal Parihar – Discussion: Like all mechanical components, the Ilizarov frame is liable to loosen. Therefore at every visit a check is made to ensure that the various bolts and nuts are adequately tight. Though is does not happen often, wires may loosen. The patient with loose wires complains of pain at the pin … Read more
Dr. Mangal Parihar – Discussion: It is during the distraction phase that most of the complications of the treatment will occur, and consequently the surgeon has to be constantly on the lookout for the known complications. Follow-up Frequency: During the distraction phase, the patient should be seen at least every two weeks. At these visits … Read more
– See: – Absent Thumb – Pouce Flottant Thumb – Discussion: – hypoplastic thumb is usually short, spindly, and malpositioned; – sometimes it is placed distally and radially on hand, & usually web space is narrow or extends distally; – most often there … Read more
– Discussion: – it is essential to locate axillary nerve when performing any anterior shoulder reconstruction; – to facilitate nerve identification, place arm in adduction & in neutral rotation; – pass a finger along lower aspect of subscapularis, inorder to palpate nerve as it passes medially along subscapularis to … Read more
– See: Action of Parathyroid Hormone: – Discussion: – most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is inadvertant damage or removal of the parathyroids during surgical removal of the thyroid; – in idiopathic cases, look for ectodermal changes, mental retardation, monilial infections, low Ca; – congenital hypoparathyroid & late onset hypoparathyroidism from … Read more
– See: Rickets: – Discussion: – this is the most frequently encountered form of rickets and consists of a genetic or acquired fault in the handling of phosphate in the proximal tubule; – patholophysiology: – decreased reabsorpion of phosphate by the renal tubule (causing hypophosphatemia) (otherwise the … Read more
– this test determines whether the patient is malingering when he statesthat he cannot raise his leg, and should be performed in conjuction w/ straight leg test; – when a patient is genuinely trying to raise his leg, he puts pressure on calcaneus of his opposite leg to gain leverage; you can feel downward … Read more
– Discussion: – positive Hoffmann’s reflex reflects presence of an upper motor neuron lesion from spinal cord compression; – is elicited by flipping either the volar or dorsal surfaces of the middle finger and observing the reflexcontration of the thumb and index finger; – this sign is evidence by upper motor … Read more
– Discussion: – mixture of benign stromal tissue – large vascular lacunae separated by septa in which numerous giant cells are found & & filled with clotted blood (blood-filled spaces with bland fibrous connective tissue septa) that resembles cranberry sauce; – cavernous spaces vessel lack walls & … Read more
– Discussion: – numerous multinucleated giant cells, proliferative stroma, areas of necrosis, reactive peripheral bone, & occassional mitotic figures in the stroma (but no mitotic figures in the giant cells); – stromal cells appear elongate with oval nuclei; – giant cells may resemble osteoclasts; – Histologic Differential Dx: … Read more