– Discussion: – tripled layered arrangement on the lateral aspect of knee; – posterolateral part of capsule is divided into two laminae that encompass LCL, fabellofibullar, & arcuate ligaments; – Layer I – superficial Layer (Layer I): 2 parts; – iliotibial tract (and its expansion anteriorly) … Read more
– See: Distal Femoral Osteotomy – Discussion: – usually involves a medial closing wedge osteotomy of the distal femur (supracondylar region) fixed with a blade plate; – femoral osteotomy is sometimes reserved for valgus deformities of > 12 deg and > 10 deviation of the knee joint from horizontal; … Read more
– Discussion: – usually arises from lateral side of deep femoral artery; – in 15% of pts, it arises from femoral artery above profunda; – LFCA passes laterally in front of Psoas & between branches of Femoral Nerve; – passes deep to Sartorius & rectus femoris, and … Read more
– Lateral Approach: – incision is made directly lateral in thigh & thru midpoint of lateral condyle distally, staying anterior to proximal insertion of LCL; – proximal exposure: – incision is extended as necessary for diaphyseal involvement of the supracondylar frx; – … Read more
– See: – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Losee Test – Pivot shift – Discussion: – this is a variant of the anterior drawer test, in which the examination is carried out … Read more
– See: Ilizarov Technique – Discussion: – advantages: – allows arthrodesis in presence of active infection; – external fixation is adjustable; – allows access to the soft tissues; – leaves no longstanding foreign … Read more
– See: – Rolling and Gliding Mechanism: – Gait: – Discussion: – bones forming joint are femur, tibia, & patella; – two femurs converge toward the knee and each tibia is nearly vertical, femur & tibia meet angle of some 5-12 deg; … Read more
– Discussion: – most of knee capsule is formed by tendons & their expansions; – anteriorly, tendon of Quads, patella & ligamentum patellae, supplemented by expansion of iliotibial band, serve as capsular ligament; – Posterior Capsule: – thin capsule extends from level immediately above the femoral condyles to posterior border of upper tibia; – its central … Read more
– Discussion: – IM may be most reliable technique for achieving union; – w/ TKR infection, IM fusion needs to be performed in a staged fasion with removal of components and control of infection before fusion is attempted; – contra indications: – active infection: … Read more
– See: – Distal Femoral Shaft Fractures – Infected IM nails – Open Fractures – Proximal Femoral Shaft Fractures – Synthes IM Femoral Nail – Discussion: Intramedullary Nailing: – closed IM nailing has supplanted other forms of treatment for femur frx; – it affords predictable realignment of bone, rapid regeneration … Read more