Data Trace Editor – See: – Talar Tilt: Physical Exam – Tilt Measurement: – Mortise view: – line drawn parallel to articular surface of distal tibia; – second line drawn parallel to talar surface should be parallel to each other; – alternative method: … Read more
– Discussion: – congenital clubfoot is a structural foot deformity that is present at birth; – there is in utero malalignment of the talocalcaneal, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints; – articular malalignments are fixed by contracted joint capsules, ligaments, and contracted foot and ankle tendons; – may be … Read more
– Discussion: – talar instability is assessed w/ talar tilt test, in which angle formed by tibial plafond & talar dome is measured as inversion force is applied to hindfoot; – talar tilt test is useful for evaluation of a combined injury of both the anterior talofibular and the calcaneofibular ligaments. – isolated rupture of the … Read more
Discussion affects periarticular soft tissues resulting in joint laxity with secondary dysfunction; minimal synovitis – articular cartilage is preserved; Raynaud’s phenomenon is common; diagnosis depends on positive F ANA test along with three other criteria: swollen joints nephritis pericarditis severe rash references: The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Updating the American … Read more
– See: Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis – Discussion: – characterized by high fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and polyarthritis; – usually appears at 5-10 years of age; – least common type of JRA: < 20 % of patients. – Clinical Presentation: – acute onset, often accompanied by a sore throat … Read more
– Anatomy: – C-8 & T-1 anterior nerve roots convey preganglionic sympathetic fibers for innervation of head & neck to corresponding spinal nerves, from which they pass to ganglionated sympathetic chain; – further laterally these 2 spinal nerves acquire bulk of postganglionic fibers for the hand … Read more
– See: Transverse Fractures of the Acetabulum – Discussion: – compared to other types of acetabular frx, the T Shaped – Posterior Wall Frx may have the highest prevalence of poor clinical results; – T shaped fractures which are known to be especially … Read more
– Adult 5-12 ug/dL; Male >60yrs 5-10 ug/dL; Female >60yr 5.5-10.5 ug/dL Child 6.4-15 ug/dL
(MAP – MRAP) * 80 (where MRAP can be estimated by CVP) SVR = ——————– CO – Discussion: – normal or slightly increased Central Venous Pressure with a normal or high Cardiac Output and disproportionate hypotension is usually due to a … Read more