Medical Malpractice Insurance for orthopaedic surgeons

Talar Tilt

– See:    – Talar Tilt: Physical Exam – Tilt Measurement:     – Mortise view:           – line drawn parallel to articular surface of distal tibia;           – second line drawn parallel to talar surface should be parallel to each other;     – alternative method: … Read more

T waves: Discussion

* Adults: Pos: in all CHEST leads except V1 in most Adults; * Peds and young BF: Neg T: V1  – V3; * Asymetrical, more slowly upsloping than dropping off; Not pointed; * V5: T waves: > 1/8 R; < 1/2 R; > U; * AXIS: within 60^ of QRS in the Limb leads; * … Read more

T Plates

    – Discussion:     – T plates are designed to be used as a butress plates, esp for lateral or medial tibial plateau frx;            – they are also applied in volar Barton’s frx and proximal humerus fractures;     – butress compression:            – … Read more

T Acetabular Frx

                – See: Transverse Fractures of the Acetabulum – Discussion:     – compared to other types of acetabular frx, the T Shaped – Posterior Wall Frx may              have the highest prevalence of poor clinical results;     – T shaped fractures which are known to be especially … Read more

T1 Neurologic Level

– Anatomy:     – C-8 & T-1 anterior nerve roots convey preganglionic sympathetic fibers for innervation of head & neck            to corresponding spinal nerves, from which they pass to ganglionated sympathetic chain;     – further laterally these 2 spinal nerves acquire bulk of postganglionic fibers for the hand … Read more

Systemic Vascular Resistance

        (MAP – MRAP) * 80       (where MRAP can be estimated by CVP)   SVR = ——————–              CO – Discussion:     – normal or slightly increased Central Venous Pressure with a normal or high Cardiac Output and disproportionate hypotension is usually           due to a … Read more

Systemic Lupus

Discussion affects periarticular soft tissues resulting in joint laxity with secondary dysfunction; minimal synovitis – articular cartilage is preserved; Raynaud’s phenomenon is common; diagnosis depends on positive F ANA test along with three other criteria: swollen joints nephritis pericarditis severe rash references: The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Updating the American … Read more

Systemic JRA: (Still’s Disease)

– See: Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis – Discussion:     – characterized by high fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and polyarthritis;     – usually appears at 5-10 years of age;     – least common type of JRA: < 20 % of patients. – Clinical Presentation:     – acute onset, often accompanied by a sore throat … Read more