Data Trace Editor – Planning Pin Sites: – placement of skull pins in children requires preoperative CT scan of skull to assess thickness; – pins should avoid skull suture lines, and should generally not be placed in the temporal region or into the frontal sinus; – as in adults, avoid placing pins … Read more
– Pyschosis, schizophrenia, agitation, sun-downing; – Adult: mod symptoms: 0.5-2mg PO bid/tid; Severe:3-5mg PO bid/tid, or 1-5 mg IM q4hr or 2.5mg IM may repeat q1hr prn, max dose: 100mg/day; – Can cause extrapyridimal rxn (Strong), hypotension (Weak), Anticholinergic (Weak); Sedation (Weak); – reduce dose in elderly; – Contraindicated w/: CNS depression from any cause, … Read more
– Anatomy and Discussion: – term describes abnormal flexion posture of PIP joint of one of lesser 4 toes; – the hammer toe deformity is similar to the curly toe deformity but is not malrotated; – flexion deformity of PIP may be fixed or supple; – w/ … Read more
– Technique: – place the leg in a figure of 4 position; – make a small longitudinal incision opposite the tibial tuberlce, midway between the tubercle and the the posterior edge of the tibia; – palpate the pes anserinus; – generally only the gracilis … Read more
– Discussion: – inflammation can be related to a Haglund deformity (postero-superior prominence – normal varient) which causes an overlying bursitis; – prominence of the posterior superior calcaneal tuberosity contributes to inflammation of the overlying tissues and the Achilles tendon; – most often occurs in women and is related to shoe wear w/ rigid heels … Read more
– See: claw toes – Discussion: – in claw toe MP joint is hyperextended and the IP joint is flexed w/ or w/o a fixed contracture of either joint; – etiology: bilateral sesmoidectomy or lateral sesamoidectomy; – in hallux claw toe, there is inability of pt to apply pulp of great toe to sole of … Read more
– Discussion: – hallux rigidus results from degenerative changes at the first MTP joint; – this may be more disabling than hallux valgus, because pt is unable to achieve relief even when not wearing shoes; – it is a frequent complaint of runners; – there is limitation of motion and pain at the MTP joint … Read more
– See: – adolescent bunion – bunionette – Discussion: – pathophysiology – blood supply of MCP joint – windlass mechanism – diff dx: – gout – hallux rigidus (cheilectomy); – references: – Anatomic variations in the first ray: Part I. Anatomic aspects related to bunion surgery. – Muscle in hallux valgus. – Kinematics of the … Read more
– See: – Cervical Spine Menu: – Halo Placement in Children: – Discussion: – most effect orthosis for controling motion at C1-C2 articulation; – contra-indications: – unstable skull frx; – traumatized skin overlying pin sites; … Read more