Data Trace Editor – Discussion: – local failure of paraxial mesoderm to segment accounts for fused vertebrae; – Unilateral Bar: – partial failure of segmentation laterally results in unsegmented bar formation; – affected side of vertebra involved fails to grow, & growth of vertebrae on side opposite bar … Read more
– See: Impediments to Reduction – Discussion: – dislocated femoral head: – femoral head and neck remain anteverted and in the valgus position; – is pulled proximally & laterally by hip abductors; – becomes misshapen & flattened; … Read more
– Discussion: – following inital ischemic episode, most of the epiphysis is avascular; – while enchondral ossification temporaily halts, the articular cartilage, which is nourished by synovial fluid, continues to grow; – this results in widening of medial cartilage (joint) space & smaller ossification center in involved hip; … Read more
– Pathoanatomy: – osteophytosis occurs as result of breakdown in the out annular fibers of annulus fibrosis; – disk material stretching & displacing these fibers, causing stress at ligamentous attachments leading to formation of osteophytes; – osteophytes collects initially extend horizontally; … Read more
– Discussion: – typically secondary to a cat bite; – the area involved may become painful and swollen and be accompanied by a secondary lymphadenitis and lymphangitis; – osteomyelitis is another complication; – the bacteriologist should be informed about the possibility of this infection, since the … Read more
– Discussion: – typically involves palmar aponeurosis and digital prolongation (not superficial transverse ligament) in palm; – involves lateral digital sheet, Grayson’s lig (not Cleland’s lig), pretendinous bands, natatory ligament, & spiral bands in digits; – typically digits develop central (pretendinous) & spiral cords; … Read more
– History: 1963 – Maurizio described the association of patellar tendonitis with jumping 1973 – Blazina, et al. coined the term “jumper’s knee” 1978 – Mariani, et al. and Roels, et al. widened the term “jumper’s knee” to include pathology of the patellar tendon at the tibial tuberosity 1986 … Read more
– See: Subluxation of the Patella – Fulkerson Classification: – type I, subluxation alone; – type II, subluxation and tilt; – type III, tilt alone; – type IV, no malalignment; – Clinical Presentation: – anterior knee pain with a tight, … Read more
– Discussion: – avulsion of the patella tendon is a serious complication that is very difficult to treat; – when the knee is flexed intraoperatively, the tendon insertion may be stressed to the point of partial or complete avulsion; – this is particularly true in patients who have had a HTO … Read more
– Debride Bone Edges: – Drill and Pass Sutures: – note that many surgeons will prefer to make bone plug drill holes before the plug is harvest w/ a saw; – use a 2 mm drill to make three drill holes into the graft for the tibial tunnel … Read more