– Discussion: – bone marrow signal on T1- and T2 vary with age – in adults, tumor invading bone marrow will show decreased signal on T1, in contrast to normally high signal-intensity bone marrow; – its imporant to note that traumatic, inflammatory, and neoplastic disorders will … Read more
– See: – pulmonary contussion: – cardiac enzymes – blunt cardiac trauma – Discussion: – defined as cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias requiring treatment, or structural cardiac abnormalities directly related to the cardiac trauma; – Commotio Cordis: – catastrophic condition (rare) that is caused by blunt … Read more
– See: Bone Graft Menu – PreOp Planning: – if patient has undergone previous bone graft harvests, consider CT scan to determine amount of remaining bone left in the crest; – in the report by Ahlmann E, et al, the authors investigated whether there was less … Read more
– See: Tibial Non Unions – Discussion: – up to 60% of high energy open tibial will fail to heal by 20 weeks, and therefore MD must decide which fractures require early bone grafting and which do not; – large tibial defects: – w/ defects less than 6 cm iliac crest bone grafting may be sufficient; … Read more
– See: – Arteries of the Upper Limb – Vascular Anatomy of Scaphoid – Vascularity of the Lunate – Discussion: – vascular supply of wrist is obtained thru radial, ulnar, anterior interosseous arteries and the deep palmar arch; – extraosseous arterial pattern: … Read more
– See: Transfusion Therapy and Blood Prod Menu – Indications for Transfusion: – Transfusion Technique: – maximum time over which blood products can be administered is 4 hrs for 1 unit because of danger of bacterial proliferation & RBC hemolysis; – if slower infusion rate is required, … Read more
– See: – adolescent blounts: – growth plate anatomy – Infantile Blounts Disease: (pathologic tibia vara) – differential diagnosis and examination (see genu varum) – most common form of disease; – growth disorder of medial portion of proximal tibial physis; – … Read more
– See: – Anastomosis of lower limb arteries – Arterial supply of the femur – AVN of femoral head; – AVN following femoral neck fracture – Anatomy: – extracapsular arterieal ring at the base of the femoral neck; … Read more
– See: multipartite patella – Discussion: – a common congenital fragmentation or synchondrosis of the patella – occurs in approximately 1% of population but some have observed a much higher incidence; – most remain asymptomatic, but direct trauma may disrupt the synchondroses, causing symtoms that mimic those … Read more
– Discussion: – integrity of all ligaments of cervical canal is lost, including posterior ligaments, anterior & posterior longitudinal ligaments, disc, and articular facet joints; – this type of injury occurs only when middle & posterior ligamentous structures are disrupted; – there are typically no frxs of facets because … Read more