– Discussion: – allow visualization of medial epicondyle, trochlea, and ulnar nerve are – approach is used for a total elbow arthroplasty; – proximally the interval lies between the brachialis and triceps, where as distally the interval lies between the brachialis and MCL; – avoid … Read more
– Discussion: – may lessen the distraction of the medial arch at the superomedial portion of spring ligament (lessens ligament tension); – may make the achilles tendon a better invertor and less of an evertor of the subtalar joint during walking; – compensates for talo-calcaneal valgus, and may … Read more
– Anatomy: – MCL is composed of superficial & deep portions; – superficial MCL: – anatomically this is the second (middle) layer of the medial compartment; – proximal attachment: posterior aspect of medial femoral condyle; – 3.2 mm proximal and 4.8 … Read more
– Discussion: – pts knee is acutely and forcibly flexed; – to check the medial meniscus examiner palpates posteromedial margin of joint with one hand while grasping the foot w/ other hand; – keeping the knee completely flexed, the leg is externally rotated as far as possible and then the knee … Read more
– Discussion: – mechanical axis refers to the angle formed by a line drawn from the center of the femoral head to the medial tibial spine and a line drawn from the medial tibial spine and the center of the ankle joint; – this should not be confused w/ the wt … Read more
– See: Biomechanical Role: – Discussion: – ACL tears most often occur during football and basketball in younger patients, and occur most often from skiing injuries in older patients; – substantial anterior tibial shear forces that stress ACL are produced from quadriceps contraction, esp in 0-30 deg of extension; … Read more
– See: – Arteriography – Arterial Trauma – Compartment Syndrome – Knee Dislocation – Popliteal Artery – Reperfusion Injury – Discussion: – note that the worst error to make is to underestimate the need to … Read more
– from Johansen, et al. (1990) Skeletal / soft-tissue injury Low energy (stab; simple fracture; pistol gunshot wound): 1 Medium energy (open or multiple fractures, dislocation): 2 High energy (high speed MVA or rifle GSW): 3 Very high energy (high speed trauma + gross contamination): 4 Limb ischemia … Read more
– See: – meniscal injury – anterior cruciate ligament: – evaluation of ACL injuries: – bone patellar bone reconstruction: – hamstring reconstruction: – allograft reconstruction: – Discussion: … Read more
– Discussion: – see flexion and extension gaps: – quantification of joint line malposition: – joint line position lies about 3 cm distal to the medial femoral epicondyle and 15 mm above the fibular head; – if the opposite knee has … Read more