– Discussion: – wt bearing line of the body normally falls medial to the axis of sub talar joint, & therefore, when the patient stands on one foot, the foot pronates; – when pt rotates leg externally, heel inverts & wt bearing line moves laterally; – total … Read more
– See: – Physical Exam of the Knee: – Mechanism: ACL Tear: – Anteromedial Rotatory Stability: – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterior Drawer Test – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Lachman – Losee Test – … Read more
– See: Talar Tilt – Anterior Drawer Test – evaluates Anterior Talofibular ligament (look for diff. of 8 mm) – this can be performed by securing distal leg w/ one hand and applying an anterior pull on the heel with the foot held in gentle plantar flexion; – forward … Read more
– Discussion: – pes arserinus is final common tendinous insertion of sartorius, gracilis, & semitendinosus along proximal medial aspect to tibia; – these muscles serve as flexors & internal rotators, & help protect knee … Read more
– Discussion: – cavus deformity of the foot (elevated longitudinal arch) due to fixed plantar flexion of the forefoot; – frequency: The anatomy of cavus foot deformity – main type is the cavovarus; – associated with spinal cerebellar degenerative dz; – associated deformities: – claw toes – differential dx: (commonly associatted with neurologic disorders) – … Read more
– See: – Charcot Marie Tooth: Perineal Muscular Atrophy: – General Discussion of Pes Cavus: – Discussion: – muscle weakness primarily affects peroneus brevis muscle and tibialis anterior, w/ relative sparing of peroneus longus (and tibialis posterior); – results in planatar flexion of … Read more
– Discussion: – loss of normal medial longitudinal arch leads to pes planus, which can be flexible or rigid; – may arise as a consequence of hyper-pronation or from increased eversion of the subtalar joint; – hence, the calcaneus lies in valgus and external rotation relative to the talus; – associated midfoot sag may be … Read more
– Anatomy: – origin: distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of the body of fibula and the adjacent intermuscular septa; – insertion: tuberosity on lateral side of proximal end of 5th metatarsal; – action: – plantar flexion and eversion of the foot … Read more
– Anatomy: – lateral compartment – plantar muscles of the foot: – origin: – lateral condyle of tibia, head and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, intermuscular septa and adjacent fascia; – course: – peroneus longus … Read more
– See: – Lateral Compartment – Anatomy: – origin: distal 1/3 of the anterior surface of the fibula and adjacent intermuscular septum; – insertion: dorsal surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal; – action: dorsiflexes and everts the foot at the ankle; – nerve supply: peroneal, L4, L5, S1 (see innervation) – synergist: extensor … Read more