– Discussion: – function of the PTFJ – accept 1/6 the axial load of the leg – resist torsional stresses originating from the ankle – resist tensile forces created with weight bearing – resists lateral bending forces – subluxation is common in preadolescent … Read more
– See: Congenital Pseudarthrosis of Tibia – Classification into “Stiff” and “Lax” Pseudoarthrosis: – stiff pseudoarthrosis: – bone ends are hypertrophic – hypertrophic non union should first be compressed for 2-3 weeks, followed by gradual distraction; – Lax Non Union: – lax nonunion … Read more
– See: Phalangeal Injury Menu: – Discussion: – fractures of the proximal phalanx are potentially the most disabling fractures in the hand; – direct blows tend to cause transverse or comminuted frx, where as twisting injury may cause oblique or spiral fracture; – proximal fragments are usually flexed by intrinsics while distal fragments … Read more
– Discussion: – frx of proximal tibial metaphysis are rare; – valgus greenstick fractures usually occur between 3-6 yrs of age; – cortex is slightly opened on the medial side; – distal fragment is angulated lateralward; – Non Operative Treatment: – usually treated with closed … Read more
– See: – Defects of the Fibula: – Van Nes Rotational Plasty: – Discussion: – a development defect of the proximal femur recongnizable at birth; – 3rd most common longitudinal deficiency of lower extremity; – abnormality ranges from hypoplasia of entire femur to … Read more
– Sequence of Injury: – medial side is injuried first; – transverse frx of medial malleolus or disruption of deltoid ligament; – anterior tibiofibular ligament disruption; – external rotation then results in rupture of the anterior tibiofibular ligament or its bony insertion; … Read more
– Anatomy: (see forearm flexors) – origin: – humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus & common flexion tendon; – ulnar head: medial side of coronoid process of ulna; – insertion: middle 1/3 of lateral surface of … Read more
– Discussion: – pronation of forefoot is combination of external rotation at ankle, abduction of hindfoot, & eversion of forefoot; – in pronation, the medial structures tighten and are injured first; – Sequence of Injury: – avulsion frx of medial malleolus or rupture of deltoid ligament; … Read more
– Discussion: – first major branch of the brachial artery is the profunda brachii; – arises from the brachial artery high in the arm, about level w/ lower edge of the latissimus dorsi tendon (18-25 cm above the medial epicondyle); – leaves brachial artery to pass posteriorly company w/ … Read more
– See: Tibial Non Unions / treatment methods for tibial defects – Discussion: determinants in prognosis: – infection: (see: tibial infections) – worst prognostic feature of tibial fractures is infection; – infection is most frequent after high velocity, open injuries w/ skin necrosis; … Read more