– See: Multisegmented Hook Instrumentation – Discussion: – are excellent for the treatment of thoracic or thoracolumbar frx; – these rods can be used with hooks and/or screws; – if hooks are used, do not place them adjacent to any area of canal comprimise; – because rods … Read more
Anatomy: coracoid process can be palpated thru anterior deltoid muscle one to two finger breadths below outer portion of clavicle; one finger breadth lateral to coracoid is the GHJ; provides a palpable guide to deltopectoral groove; serves as an anchor for coracoid muscles (coracobrachialis & short head of biceps) that separate lateral safe side from medial … Read more
– Discussion: – coronoid helps to resist varus stress and posterior elbow subluxation (radial head also resists posterior subluxation); – pivotal role as an anterior buttress; – at least 50% of the coronoid must be present for the ulno-humeral joint to have normal function (i.e., for joint to be stable); … Read more
Origin: tip of coracoid process on scapula; Insertion: middle of medial border of humerus, opposite deltoid tuberosity; action: horizontal flexion and adduction of the humerus at the shoulder; synergists: pectoralis major, biceps brachi, and anterior deltoid; nerve supply: musculocutaneous, C6, C7; – Surgical Hazards: – profunda gives off muscular branches, usually gives rise to … Read more
– Discussion: – can reduce back and knee pain; – improved ability to sit for longer periods of time; – increased incidence of dislocation; – indications for conversion: – painful pseudarthrosis – pseudorthrosis rates … Read more
– Anterior Posterior Compression Injuries – Iliac Wing: Fractures – Lateral Compression Injuries – Malgaigne Fracture – Posterior Pelvic Injury – Sacral Fractures – Sacroiliac Fracture Dislocations – Symphysis Pubis Injuries
– See: – Crankshaft Phenomenon: – Epiphysiodesis – Hemivertebrae: – Pathogenesis – Spine Development – Segmented Vertebrae: – Spina Bifida – Spondylosis – Unilateral Bar – Associated Malformations: … Read more
– Discussion: – deformity is characterized by severe angular deformity with a prominent gibbus at the apex of the curve; – etiology involves either failure of segmentation or defect in formation of vertebral body elements; – defect of formation: – failure of formation of … Read more
– Indications: – for patients with hemivertebrae only and no kyphosis; – age > 5 years (although some surgeons will perform this procedure on patients as young as 2.5 yrs); – short curvature of less than 50-70 degrees involving < 6 or less vertebrae; – Technique: – … Read more
– Atraumatic Compression Frx: – diff Dx: – osteoporosis – osteomalacia – pagets disease – multiple myeloma; … Read more