– Associated Conditions: – ligament laxity – hypotonia – mental impairment – heart disease (50%) – endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism and diabetes) – premature aging – spinal abnormalities: – atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation in Down’s syndrome – evaluated … Read more
(See also: brachial plexus) Anatomy dorsal scapular nerve to both rhomboids is typically derived from C5 neve close to intervertebral foramen and runs downward and backward thru or across surface of middle scalene, parallel to & below accessory nerve; it then passes medial to or thru levator scapulae (to which it may give a branch) and descends on the … Read more
– See: – Plating Techniques – Radial Shaft Fractures: Discussion – Discussion: – dorsolateral approach is best suited to frxs of proximal & middle thirds of radius as well as to address injury to proximal RU joint; – advantages: – … Read more
– Discussion: – w/ arm in external rotation, upper & lower borders of subscapularis can be visualized and palpated; – rotator cuff interval (soft spot) between supraspinatus & subscapularis is identified; – subscapularis tendon is tagged just shy of insertion; – subscapularis tendon and subajacent capsule are … Read more
– See: – Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy – Scoliosis – Discussion: – Discussion: – scoliosis is almost universal in pts who have DMD, and it usually develops after they lose the ability to walk (after age 10 yrs); – early scoliosis develops … Read more
– See: – Q angle – Malalignment of Patella – Discussion: – distal realignment procedures are chiefly indicated in pts w/ patellar subluxation, absence of hyper-laxity, and increased Q angle; – as pointed out by Fulkerson, et al (1990), less than 2% of patients w/ patellofemoral pain will require tibial tubercle transfer; – as noted … Read more
– Discussion: – longitudinal traction restores skeletal length and improves fracture alignment, – radial styloid frx and scaphoid facet are usually amenable to reduction through ligamentotaxis or by manipulation and reduction with a large, pointed bone clamp; – residual incongruity usually involves the lunate facet of the distal end of … Read more
– Discussion: (distal radius fracture menu) – technique of closed reduction – position of immobilization: – generally need to avoid positions of marked palmar flexion & ulnar deviation (Cotton-Loder position); – a truly stable fracture will probably be stable in any position once it is reduced; … Read more
– Discussion: – see: elbow dislocations in children: – elbow dislocation is the second most common major joint dislocation; – dislocation is usually closed and posterior; – mechanism: – dislocations of elbow usually result from fall onto extended elbow. … Read more
– See: – Percutaneous Discectomy: – Postop Orders for Diskectomy – Positioning: – position patient in modified kneeling position to allow abdomen to hang free, which minimizes epidural venous dilation and bleeding; – identify the spinous processes of L3, L4, L5, and S1; – Standard Posterior … Read more