– Discussion: – cavus deformity of the foot (elevated longitudinal arch) due to fixed plantar flexion of the forefoot; – frequency: The anatomy of cavus foot deformity – main type is the cavovarus; – associated with spinal cerebellar degenerative dz; – associated deformities: – claw toes – differential dx: (commonly associatted with neurologic disorders) – … Read more
– Discussion: – loss of normal medial longitudinal arch leads to pes planus, which can be flexible or rigid; – may arise as a consequence of hyper-pronation or from increased eversion of the subtalar joint; – hence, the calcaneus lies in valgus and external rotation relative to the talus; – associated midfoot sag may be … Read more
Discussion: – peroneal nerve – peroneal palsy following TKR – nerve injury – discussion: – peroneal nerve palsy may lead to severe disability w/ foot drop and paresthesias; – note that in contrast to other types of nerve palsies, peroneal palsy may … Read more
Percutaneous lumbar discectomy. Review of 100 patients and current practice. Chemonucleolysis in the herniated L3-L4 disk. Prevention of chymopapain anaphylaxis by screening chemonucleolysis candidates with cutaneous chymopapain testing. Percutaneous posterolateral discectomy. Anatomy and mechanism. Prevention of chymopapain anaphylaxis by screening chemonucleolysis candidates with cutaneous chymopapain testing. A preliminary report. Disc space infection and vertebral osteomyelitis as a … Read more
– every patient should be maintained on at least 5 cm H2O of PEEP; – objective of optimal PEEP is to reduce the intrapulmonary Shunt; – since cardiac output may also be decreased, fluid administration or vasoactive drugs may also be required to restore Cardiac Output; – if pulmonary wedge pressure is grossly elevated, … Read more
– See: Acetabular Frx Radiographs Work Up for Pelvic Fracture – Anterior Posterior Compression Injuries – Arterial Anatomy of Lower Limbs – Classification – Crescent Fracture – DVT – External Fixation – Iliac Wing Fractures – Ilioinguinal Approach – Lateral Compression Injuries – Malgaigne Fracture – Neurologic Injury – Pediatric Pelvic Fractures – Posterior Pelvic … Read more
– Pin Diameter and Length: – pins should be at least 5 mm in diameter (such as the Orthofix 6/5 mm self tapping screws); – resistance to cephalad displacemnt could be approximately doubled by using 5 mm vs. 4 mm half pins for iliac wing fixation, & is further enhanced by adding … Read more
– See: – Casting of Tibial Fractures – Distal Tibial Fracture – Intercondylar Eminence Fracture – Proximal Tibial Physeal Fractures – Proximal Tibial Metaphyseal Fractures – Tibial Tuberosity Fractures – Pediatric Ankle and Distal Tibia Fractures: – … Read more
– Discussion: – allow control of Anterior column via a posterior approach; – provide 4 point fixation; – reduce the number of levels that must be incorporated in the construct; – this is a particular adavantage in the lower lumbar spine; – screws provide lever arms, which facilitate reduction maneuvers and allow lordosis to be … Read more
– See: – Adult Dens Frx: – Anatomy of C2: – Development of Dens: – Pediatric C-spine – Discussion: – accounts for majority of pediatric C-spine frx (upto 75%) – in children, dens frx occur at an average age … Read more