– Discussion: – most common incomplete cord lesion – frequently associated w/ extension injury to osteoarthritic spine (cervical spondylosis) in middle aged person who sustains hyperextension injury; – cord is injured in central gray matter, & results in proportionally greater loss of motor function to upper extremities than lower extremities w/ variable sensory sparing; – Anatomy: – fibers responsible … Read more
– Discussion: – central stenosis produces compression of the thecal sac in contrast to lateral stenosis which involves compression of individual nerve roots; – may be congenital (idiopathic or developmental in achondroplastic dwarfs) or acquired; – acquired stenosis: – due to degenerative hypertrophic facets … Read more
First Generation: Cefadroxil (Duricef, Ultracef) Cephalothin (Keflin) Cephapirin (Cefadyl) Cephalexin (Keflex) Cephradine (Velocef, Anspor) Cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol) Second Generation … Read more
– Discussion: – central frx/dislocation is crippling injury with a poor prognosis; – extensive degree of concomitant articular injury occurs; – 22% incidence of sciatic nerve injury; – distal and occassionally, lateral traction of proximal femur may be necessary to effect and maintain reduction of the femoral head; – total … Read more
– See: cervical spine in RA – Discussion: – vertical subluxation is one of the most serious complications of rheumatoid arthritis, and may affect up to 5-10% of patients who have cercial spine disease; – basilar invagination may result from erosion and/or bone loss between occiput and dens or may … Read more
– See: – Atlantoaxial Rotary Subluxation- Discussion: – Transverse Ligament Rupture: – Discussion: – subluxation can occur in up to 70% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but frank dislocation occurs in about 25%; – approximately 11% of rheumatoid arthritis patients will develop … Read more
– See: Frx Dislocations of the Hip – Discussion: – because of associated high energy trauma: look for other injuries – vast majority of patients sustained a hip dislocation will have associated injuries; – assoc ligamentous injuries to ipsilateral knee; – associated posterior wall fractures, femoral head, … Read more
ATB Index: C Carbenicillin Cefaclor Cefadroxil Cefamandole Cefazolin Cefixime Cefonicid Cefoperazone Cefotaxime Cefoxitin Ceftazidime Ceftin Ceftizoxime Ceftriaxone Cefuroxime Cephalexin Cephalothin Cephradine Cephapirin Chloramphenicol Ciprofloxacin Clarithromycin Chloroquine Clindamycin Clotrimazole Cloxacillin ATB Index: D Daptomycin Demeclocycline Dicloxacillin Doxycycline Dirithromycin /Dynabac
Discussion elbow can be entered either ulnarly or radially, but radial approach is preferred inorder to avoid ulnar nerve injury; radial nerve is lies anterior to the elbow joint, and may be moved even more anteriorly by supinating the forearm; landmarks for aspiration of the elbow joint are the radial head, lateral epicondyle, and tip of the … Read more
– See: shoulder joint menu and arthroscopic RCT repair Fluid Management: Positioning: beach chair position is comfortable for both the patient and the surgeon and allows the option of converting to an open procedure (if necessary); patients need to be seated with the torso raised to 70 deg with a foled sheet placed on the medial … Read more