Olecranon Pins
– are placed on the medial (ulnar) side to avoid damaging the ulnar nerve; – elbow in 90 deg of flexion; – entry site is 1 1/2″ from the distal end of the olecranon
Nerves
Obstetricalal Palsy: Lower Root Injury: (Klumpke)
– See: Obstetrical Paralysis: – Discussion: – injury to the lower roots (C8 and T1 ) & or C7; – may follow forceful abduction of shoulder, produces weakness in intrinsics of hand as well as long flexors & extensors of the fingers; – these lesions are usually preganglionic; … Read more
Obturator Externus
Origin: the margin of bone immediately around the medial side of the obturator foramen, from the rami of the pubis and the inferior ramus of the ischium; Insertion: posterior aspect of the greater trochanter; Action: External Rotation of femur at the hip; (see external rotators) Synergists: Periformis, Gemellus Superior, Gemellus Inferior, Obturator … Read more
Obturator Nerve
– Anatomy: – formed from anterior branches of L2, L3, L4 (see innervation of muscles of the lower limb) – largest nerve formed from anterior divisons of lumbar plexus ; – roots unite within the posterior part of psoas, & then descends thru psoas & runs downward over sacral … Read more
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
– origin: the apex of the spine process of the axis; – insertion: the inferior and dorsal part of the transverse process of the atlas; – action: rotates the atlas, turning the face toward the same side; – nerve supply: a branch of the dorsal primary division of the suboccipital nerve; – synergists: Longissimus Capitis, Rectus Capitis Posterior … Read more
Obliquus capitis superior
– origin: the superior surface of the transverse process of the atlas; – insertion: the occipital bone, between the superior and inferior nuchal lines, lateral of the Semispinalis capitis ; – action: extension and lateral flexion of the head at the neck; – nerve supply: branch of the dorsal primary division of the suboccipital nerve; … Read more
Obstetrical Paralysis
– See: – Erb’s Palsy – Lower Root Injury: (Klumpke) – Shoulder in brachial plexus injuries: – Traumatic Brachial Plexus Palsy in Children – Discussion: – incidence of brachial plexus birth palsy is approx two / 1,000 births; – … Read more
Nonunion of Scaphoid Proximal Pole Frx
– See: – Proximal Pole Frx: – Bone Grafting of Scaphoid Non Unions: – Scaphoid Nonunions: – Radiographs: – need to determine whether there is AVN of scaphoid: – classic signs of AVN include: … Read more
Non Operative Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
– Discussion: – most useful in patients with an acute flare-up and in patients with minimal and intermittent symptoms; – avoiance of use of wrist, placement of wrist splint in a neutral position for day and night use, and NSAIDS; – only 20% of these pts … Read more
Total Femoral Replacement
– Total Femoral Replacement: – indications: reconstruction following tumor resection – technique: – lateral position on a bean bag – begin proximally with a posterior approach to the hip – divide fascia laterally over femur and continue proximally to … Read more