Reduction in fatal pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis by perioperative administration of subcutaneous heparin. Overview of results of randomized trials in general, orthopedic, and urologic surgery. Use of the Greenfield filter to prevent fatal pulmonary embolism associated with total hip and knee arthroplasty. Randomized controlled study of heparin and low molecular weight heparin for prevention of … Read more
– Action: – powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation thru activation of adenylate cyclase, which leads to an increase in intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate; – prostacyclin and thromboxane A(sub 2) are formed from arachidonic acid, w/ endoperoxides & prostaglandins G2 and H2 as intermediates; – variety of drugs with diverse mechanisms … Read more
– Sequence of Injury: – medial side is injuried first; – transverse frx of medial malleolus or disruption of deltoid ligament; – anterior tibiofibular ligament disruption; – external rotation then results in rupture of the anterior tibiofibular ligament or its bony insertion; … Read more
– Anatomy: (see forearm flexors) – origin: – humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus & common flexion tendon; – ulnar head: medial side of coronoid process of ulna; – insertion: middle 1/3 of lateral surface of … Read more
– Discussion: – see: compression of the median nerve at the elbow and forearm; – compression of median nerve where it passes between the two heads of the pronator teres; – Differential Dx: – lacertus fibrosus: – draws tightly across the median nerve when the … Read more
– Discussion: – pronation of forefoot is combination of external rotation at ankle, abduction of hindfoot, & eversion of forefoot; – in pronation, the medial structures tighten and are injured first; – Sequence of Injury: – avulsion frx of medial malleolus or rupture of deltoid ligament; … Read more
origin: distal 1/4 of the volar (ant) surface of the ulna; insertion: distal 1/4 of the volar surface of the radius; action: pronates the forearm; nerve supply: Median , C7 , C8 , T1 ; synergists: Pronator Teres Stabilization of the distal ulna by transfer of the pronator quadratus origin.
– Discussion: – largest branch of femoral artery in femoral triangle; – arises on lateral side of femoral artery, 3-5 cm below inguinal lig; – passes on surface of pectineus & adductor brevis; – passes posteriorly, lying behind femoral artery & vein on medial … Read more
– Discussion: – first major branch of the brachial artery is the profunda brachii; – arises from the brachial artery high in the arm, about level w/ lower edge of the latissimus dorsi tendon (18-25 cm above the medial epicondyle); – leaves brachial artery to pass posteriorly company w/ … Read more
– Intrameduallary tumors: – infiltrate or compress the spinal cord so gradually that they may grow to considerable size before detection; – are glial in origin (except for the rare hemangioblastoma) – ependymomas: – commonly arises in the conus medullaris … Read more