– See: external rotators of the hip: Origin: superior aspect of external border of the tuberosity at ischium; Insertion: superior aspect of the linea quadrata, the line which extends downward from the intertrochanteric crest of femur; Synergists: piriformis, obturator externus, obturator internus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior; Action: external rotation of the femur at the hip; … Read more
origin: iliolumbar ligament, posterior part of the iliac crest; insertion: inferior border of the first rib and transverse process of the upper 4 lumbar vertebrae; action: pure lateral flexion of lumbar vertebral column; helps action of the diaphram in inspiration; nerve supply: Lumbar Plexus, T12, L1, L2, L3
– See: Plantar Muscles of the Foot Origin: 2 heads, the medial surface and the lateral border of the inferior surfaces of the calcaneus; Insertion: fuses with the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus; Action: flexes the 2nd to 5th toes; Nerve Supply: Lateral plantar, S1, S2; (See … Read more
– Discussion: – multiple approaches can be used, but a medial approach is easiest w/ knee in extension as the patella can be rocked up anteriorly to aid in entry; – if pt will allow the knee to be flexed to 45 deg., then do so; – palpate the inferomedial and inferolateral borders … Read more
– Discussion: – Q angle is the angle formed by a line drawn from the ASIS to central patella and a second line drawn from central patella to tibial tubercle; – an increased Q angle is a risk factor for patellar subluxation; – normally Q angle is 14 deg for … Read more
– Discussion: – in the case of FDP laceration, if cut is less than 1 cm from insertion, consider tendon advancement and reinsertion; – raise osteo-periosteal flap in distal phalanx, which is just distal to volar plate; – damage to the volar plate may lead to … Read more
– Discussion: – pediatric pseudosubluxation refers to normal mobility of C-2 on C-3 in flexion which may be so pronounced as to be mistaken for pathologic motion; (is normal in children < 8 years old); – prevalence: … Read more
– Anatomy: – origin: anterior surface of transverse process, lateral border of vertebral bodies and corresponding intervertebral discs of T12-L5; – at the 3 o’clock position, the iliopsoas is composed of 45% tendon and 55% muscle; – tendon is located directly anterior to the anterior superior capsulolabral complex at the 2-3 … Read more
– See: Phalangeal Injury Menu: – Discussion: – fractures of the proximal phalanx are potentially the most disabling fractures in the hand; – direct blows tend to cause transverse or comminuted frx, where as twisting injury may cause oblique or spiral fracture; – proximal fragments are usually flexed by intrinsics while distal fragments … Read more
– See: proximal phalangeal fractures: – Disscusion – indicated for unstable frx of base, shaft, and neck; – K wire characteristics: – use 0.035 or 0.045 inch wires, depending on the size of the phalanx – holding power of the wires: … Read more