Muscles Tendons
Steindler Flexorplasty
– Theory: – flexor-pronator muscles arising from medial epicondyle are transposed to more proximal point on the humerus so that their moment for elbow flexion is incresed enough to permit active control; – muscles originating from the medial epicondyle (Pronator Teres, FCR, PL, & FCU) must have normal or … Read more
Sternoclavicular Joint Injury
– See: Adolescent SC Joint Injury – Anterior SC Dislocation: – more common than posterior dislocation; – closed reduction is usually not successful; – persistent prominence is usually present but not of functional significance; – atraumatic dislocation: – no specific treatment is … Read more
Sternocleidomastoid
– See: torticollis: – origin: sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium; clavicular head: superior surface of the medial half of clavicle; – insertion: – lateral surface of the mastoid process of the temporal bone and lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital; – action: – acting unilaterally, … Read more
Steroid Protocol: for Spinal Cord Injury
– Discussion: – methylprednisolone given as bolus of 30 mg / kg body wt – followed by infusion at 5.4 mg / kg / hour for 23 hours; – if given w/ in 8 hrs, benefit from methylprednisolone was seen in patients whose injuries were initially … Read more
Staph epidermidis
– Discussion: – is a coagulase negative, gram positive organism; – has emerged as one of the most common organisms in total joint infections (and in other implanted devices); – it is often minimally toxic (as compared to other bacterial infections), and many patients will have minimal symptoms of infection; … Read more
Staph aureus: Nasal Carriage
– See: – S. epidermidis – S. aureus – Discussion: – about 20 % of people almost always carry a strain of staph aureus, and approximately 60 % harbor S. aureus on an intermittent basis; – in the study by von Eiff C, et al, … Read more
Stance Phase of Gait
– See: – Gait Menu: – Orthotics for the Foot – Discussion: – stance phase represents about 60% of the gait cycle, swing 40%; – normal gait is symmetric & thus, relationship between swing and stance phases of each leg are consistent; … Read more
Staph aureus
– Discussion: – is a coagulase positive, gram positive organism (as opposed to coag neg s. epidermidis) – has a strong propensity to invade traumatized tissue; – often responsible for toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fascitis; – serious infection that spreads rapidly along fascial planes and … Read more
Staged Revision for Infected Total Knee Joint
– see 2 stage hip spacer – Discussion: – staged revision w/ antibiotic spacer: (see antibiotics in cement and local antibiotic delivery for septic joints) – debridement of components is followed by 6 weeks of IV antibiotics; – it is essential that all foreign material including cement be … Read more