– Discussion: – talar instability is assessed w/ talar tilt test, in which angle formed by tibial plafond & talar dome is measured as inversion force is applied to hindfoot; – talar tilt test is useful for evaluation of a combined injury of both the anterior talofibular and the calcaneofibular ligaments. – isolated rupture of the … Read more
– Discussion: – congenital clubfoot is a structural foot deformity that is present at birth; – there is in utero malalignment of the talocalcaneal, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints; – articular malalignments are fixed by contracted joint capsules, ligaments, and contracted foot and ankle tendons; – may be … Read more
– See: Tarsal Coalition – Discussion: – talocalcaneal coalitions are characteristically on medial side of sub-talar joint; – coalition tends to ossify between 12 and 15 years; – although coalition between calcaneus & talus may occur in any of three facets, middle facet is most commonly involved; … Read more
Discussion affects periarticular soft tissues resulting in joint laxity with secondary dysfunction; minimal synovitis – articular cartilage is preserved; Raynaud’s phenomenon is common; diagnosis depends on positive F ANA test along with three other criteria: swollen joints nephritis pericarditis severe rash references: The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Updating the American … Read more
– Engaging the Nail Jig: – position the insertion block on to the proximal end of the nail; – position insertion handle onto insertion block so it will be medial to tibia for nail insertion and precise placement of proximal locking; – note that the proximal nail tip … Read more
– See: Myelodysplasia: – Discussion: – syringomyelia is a condition in which tubular cavity, or syrinx, in central area of spinal cord gradually expands leading to progressive myelopathy; – it is associated w/ disturbed hydrodynamics of cervical spinal fluid w/ or w/o associated obstruction at the cranial cervical junction; … Read more
– See: – Bursae of the knee: – Pigmented Villonodular synovitis – Discussion: – synovial cavity is deepest layer of joint capsule & it often has several embryological invaginations called plica that persist into adult life; – these may cuase anterior knee symptoms, – although synovium membrane is attached all around, above to articular margins … Read more
– See: – Ring characteristics – Safe Zone of Pin Insertion – Foot Inclusion – Wire Insertion Technique – Case Example: – 25 year old male who sustained a gun shot wound to the tibia which resulted in an arterial trifurcation injury; … Read more
– See: Synthes Hybrid Fixator – Discussion and Initial Considerations – Operative Technique: – may be combined w/ circular wire fixators; – reduction: – in most cases, the fracture should be reduced prior to fixator application; – planning the configuration: … Read more
Discussion a monarticular synovial proliferative disease which is characterized by the metaplastic conversion of cartilagenous tissue to ossified loose bodies; cartilagenous or osteocartilaginous metaplasia takes place w/in the synovial membrane of joints, bursae, or tendon sheaths; seen most often in middle-aged men; pts report pain and limitation of motion; location over one-half of cases occur … Read more