– See: Arteries of the Upper Limb – Discussion: – the axillary artery begins at the first rib as a direct continuation of the subclavian artery and becomes the brachial artery at the lower border of the teres major – artery passes behind pectoralis minor in its course thru axilla & is conveniently described as having 3 … Read more
– Discuussion: – axillary nerve (C5, C6) originates from and passes backward from posterior cord of brachial plexus – at level of axilla; – it arises immediately posterior to the coracoid process and conjoined tendon; – it crosses the inferolateral surface of the subscapularis, 3-5 mm medial to the musculotendinous border; – sweeping a finger … Read more
– Discussion: – best true lateral view of shoulder; – Allows Evaluation of: – head compression frx: (allows assessment of presence and size); – lesser tuberosity – lesser tuberosity is seen anteriorly as a small inverted V on anterior surface of the humeral head; … Read more
– Discussion: – the most common frx of the base of the 5th metatarsal (over 90%); – may be due to pull of the lateral cord of the plantar aponeurosis – most often this frx is extra-articular, w/ the frx lying proximal to the metatarsocuboid joint; – commonly seen in dancers; – frx may be … Read more
– See: – Internal Rotation of Knee Joint: – Rotation of Tibial Component: – Correct Rotation: – as a general rule, the tibial componenet should be aligned such that it points to the medial third of the tibial tubercle; – correct rotational positioning of tibial component is best achieved by by aligning intercondylar eminennce of … Read more
– See: – Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head – IM Nailing of Pediatric Femur Fractures – Discussion: – AVN may not appear for one year or more after IM Nailing of the femoral shaft; – more common in young adolescents undergoing IM nailing of femoral shaft frx, … Read more
– See: – Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head: – Blood Supply to Femoral Head & Neck: – Non-Union following Femoral Neck Frx; – Discussion: – when femoral neck frx occurs, intraosseous cervical vessels are disrupted; – incidence of AVN in undisplaced fractures is 11%; … Read more
Discussion HTN from bladder or bowel distension or from renal calculi; sensitivity to succinyl choline (hyperkalemia) increase susceptibility to pulmonary edema; can follow upper and lower spinal cord injuries; related to bladder overdistension or fecal impaction and manifests as with pounding HA, (from severe hypertension), anxiety, profuse head and neck sweating, nasal obstruction, and blurred vision; … Read more
– See: AVN in Adults – Discussion: – results from forced attempts at reduction and subsequent disruption of the blood supply to the growing femoral head; – is reported to occur in 6-30% of patients undergoing closed reduction, but in some series the incidence can be as high … Read more
– See: Anatomy of C1 / C2 – Discussion: – classically described as a 4 part burst frx of the atlas, w/ combined anterior and posterior arch fractures; – frx variants: include two and three part fractures; – pediatric frx: – frx … Read more