– Discussion: – rupture of transverse ligament is destabilizing injury that can occur in isolation or with atlantoaxial subluxation or an atlas fracture; – transverse ligament is primary restraint to anterior translation of atlas in relation to the lower cervical … Read more
– Discussion: – usually result from direct blow; – presents w/ dorsal angulation & increased palmar displacement of metacarpal heads because of deforming force of interosseous muscles and long flexor muscles, which are volar to the fracture plane; – more proximal frxs (ie, shaft frx) are more likely to … Read more
– See: – Associated Transverse & Posterior Wall Fracture – T Shaped Fractures – AO Foundation Transverse Fracture – Discussion: – transverse frxs extend across both the anterior and posterior columns; – frx divides the innominate bone into superior segment containing acetabular roof … Read more
– Discussion: – simple transverse frxs w/out comminution may have delayed healing which requires close observation to avoid distraction & angulation; – this is especially true if a gap exists at frx site which cannot be closed by non operative means; – Closed Reduction: – note these … Read more
– Discussion: – relatively short lived acute inflammatory process; – usually seen in boys aged 2 to 10 years; – frequently follows an upper respiratory tract infection; – most common cause of painful hips in childhood; – is a diagnosis of exclusion; – … Read more
– Discussion: – popularized by McKittrick et al. (1949) and by Pedersen and Day (1954) – indicated for trauma, tissue loss, infection, and gangrene (limited to toes and not the web space in diabetics); – TMA requires shoe modifications & inserts w/ forefoot space replacement. – indicated for … Read more
– See: Trans-scaphoid Perilunar Dislocation – Discussion: – occurs as oblique frx through radial styloid, extending thru scapholunate ligament and around the lunate, through the triquetral attachments; – due to the radiocapitate ligament, the fractured styloid process migrates with the distal carpal row; – because styloid is held by radiolunate … Read more
– Transverse Retinacular Ligaments: – anatomy: – origin: edge of flexor tendon sheath at PIP; – insetion: lateral edges of conjoined lateral bands – function: – prevents excessive dorsal shift of the lateral bands when the PIP extends; … Read more
– Discussion: – transverse carpal ligament, is a heavy band of fibers which runs between hamate & pisiform medially to scaphoid and trapezium laterally, and forms fibrous sheath which contains carpal tunnel anteriorly within fibro-osseous tunnel; – posteriorly, tunnel is bordered by carpal bones, and transports median nerve & finger flexor … Read more