– See: – Bilateral InterFacet Dislocation – Hyperflexion Injuries – Unilateral Facet Dislocation: – Discussion: – frequently missed in acute cervical spine trauma; (oblique radiograph views are important here); – lateral mass frx is considered to be extension rotational injury; – flexion of … Read more
– Discussion: – recurrent rotator cuff tear: – ref: Mode of failure for rotator cuff repair with suture anchors identified at revision surgery – deltoid injury: – may occur from axillary nerve palsy or from avulsion of deltoid off the acromion; – consider … Read more
– Discussion: – is transmitted as an autosomal dominant condition; – most patients show relatively slow progression of weakness involving primarily muscles of facial expression & proximal upper limbs; – whistling and sucking thru straw may be impossible, & patients cannot fully bury their eyelashes when they close their … Read more
– See: Arcuate Complex – Anatomy: – arcuate & fabellogibular ligaments insert on apex of fibular styloid process & ascends vertically to lateral head of gastrocnemius, where they merge w/ by posterior termination of oblique popliteal ligament; – arcuate ligament is firmly adherent to underlying musculotendinous … Read more
– See: – Infraspinatus: primary external rotator of humerus; – Posteior Deltoid – Teres Minor – Discussion: – the posterior rotator cuff is important for maintenance of necessary force couples in axial (transverse) and coronal planes. – preoperative muscle testing of the … Read more
– Anatomy: – external rotators of thigh include (from superior to inferior) – Piriformis – conjoined tendons: – Gemellus Superior – Obturator Internus … Read more
– See: Metacarpal Extra-articular Base Frx – Discussion: – oblique and comminuted frx predispose to shortening and malrotation; – displacing forces: – these frxs are displaced by tendons inserting into each fragment; – distal metacarpal fragment is flexed into … Read more
– Factors Related to Extremity Injury: – duration of use; – it is thought that muscles are more sensitive than nerves to duration of tourniquet use; – use of tourniquet for > 2 hours & pressures of > 350 mm of mercury in … Read more
– See: orthofix fixator – Discussion: – convential “bridging” external fixation relies on ligamentotaxis to apply traction & restore displacement; – indications: – active pts when radial length is decr by > 3-4 mm; – presence of dorsal comminution; – when closed reduction fails to restore anatomic palmar tilt; – for any unstable or intra-articular … Read more
– See: IM Nailing for Distal Tibia Fracture – Discussion: – outcomes: – in a retrospecitive study, external fixation was considered a risk factor for non union (29% non union rate); – Distal tibia fractures: management and complications of 101 cases – reduction: – … Read more