Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Knee

Lipoma

– See: Soft Tissue Menu – Discussion:     – benign tumor composed of lobules of mature fat;     – most common tumor of soft tissue;     – occurs most often in adults;     – tumor usually presents as active stage 2 lesion, later becoming latent;     – usually it appears … Read more

Liposarcoma

– See: Soft Tissue Menu – Two Forms:     – low grade myxoid liposarcoma;          – most common;          – occurs in young adults;          – in myxoid liposarcoma, lipoblasts are dispersed in anastomosing capillary framework;          – fine reticular vascular pattern; … Read more

Limb Lengthening of the Femur

– Discussion:     – PFFD     – its impotant to distinguish between lengthening down the anatomic axis and lengthening down  the mechanical axis;           – lengthening along the anatomic axis will displace the knee medially (displacing the mechanical axis);           – lengthening along the mechanical axis does not … Read more

Limb Development

– See:       – Anatomy of the Physis       – Deformities       – Enchondral Ossification       – Longitudinal Growth:       – Pediatric Bone Circulation       – Salter Harris – Discussion:     – at about the 4th week of development, paired upper and … Read more

Limb Length Inequalities / Growth Deformities

– Discussion:     – see: limb development and physeal anatomy;     – leg length discrepancy leads to awkward gait, & pelvic obliquity.     – treatment of limb length inequality, requires an ability to predict leg length discrepancy at skeletal maturity;     – differential diagnosis of limb length inequality     – … Read more

Knee Arthrodesis

– See: Arthrodesis following TKR: – PreOp Planning for Arthrodesis: – Discussion:     – arthrodesis provides potential of a painless, stable base of support but it does so at the expense of knee motion;     – optimal position of arthrodesis:            – slight valgus, 10 deg of external rotation, … Read more