Knee
Limb Salvage for Osteosarcoma
– Discussion: – indicators for poor outcome: – encroachment of tumor on the popliteal neurovascular bundle; – pathologic fracture with contamination of multiple tissue compartments; – local recurrence from previous surgery The Treatment of Lower Extremity Sarcomas With … Read more
Liposarcoma
– See: Soft Tissue Menu – Two Forms: – low grade myxoid liposarcoma; – most common; – occurs in young adults; – in myxoid liposarcoma, lipoblasts are dispersed in anastomosing capillary framework; – fine reticular vascular pattern; … Read more
Limb Lengthening of the Femur
– Discussion: – PFFD – its impotant to distinguish between lengthening down the anatomic axis and lengthening down the mechanical axis; – lengthening along the anatomic axis will displace the knee medially (displacing the mechanical axis); – lengthening along the mechanical axis does not … Read more
Limb Lengthening w/ Ring Fixators
– Theoretical Considerations: – Discussion of Limb Lengthening: – Distraction Histiogenesis: (osteoclasis): – Ilizarov Menu – Technique: – ring characteristics: – w/ the original Ilizarov technique, only two rings (each with drop wires) were used; … Read more
Limb Development
– See: – Anatomy of the Physis – Deformities – Enchondral Ossification – Longitudinal Growth: – Pediatric Bone Circulation – Salter Harris – Discussion: – at about the 4th week of development, paired upper and … Read more
Limb Length Inequalities / Growth Deformities
– Discussion: – see: limb development and physeal anatomy; – leg length discrepancy leads to awkward gait, & pelvic obliquity. – treatment of limb length inequality, requires an ability to predict leg length discrepancy at skeletal maturity; – differential diagnosis of limb length inequality – … Read more
Knee Arthrodesis
– See: Arthrodesis following TKR: – PreOp Planning for Arthrodesis: – Discussion: – arthrodesis provides potential of a painless, stable base of support but it does so at the expense of knee motion; – optimal position of arthrodesis: – slight valgus, 10 deg of external rotation, … Read more
Ligaments of Humphrey and Wrisberg
– Discussion: – the ligaments of Humphrey and Wrisberg are meniscofemoral ligaments which run from the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle; – these ligaments are named based on their location in relation to the PCL; … Read more
Ligamentous Injuries in Tibial Plateau Frxs
– See: Tibial Plateau Frx Menu, Rim Fractures – Ligaments: – 60% of plateau frx will have ligamentous instability; – MCL accounted for 55%, LCL injuries for 22%, & combined cruciate & collateral injuries for 23% of lesions. – these may have poor prognosis; – Exam: – w/ isolated … Read more