– See: Medial Collateral Ligament: – Superficial Layer (Layer I) – most superficial layer includes the deep fascia that arises from anterior to posterior encases entire medial aspect of the knee & coalesces w/ hamstring muscles and posteromedial capsule; – this first layer is superficial to superficial MCL; … Read more
– Anatomy: – MCL is composed of superficial & deep portions; – superficial MCL: – anatomically this is the second (middle) layer of the medial compartment; – proximal attachment: posterior aspect of medial femoral condyle; – 3.2 mm proximal and 4.8 … Read more
– Discussion: – pts knee is acutely and forcibly flexed; – to check the medial meniscus examiner palpates posteromedial margin of joint with one hand while grasping the foot w/ other hand; – keeping the knee completely flexed, the leg is externally rotated as far as possible and then the knee … Read more
– Discussion: – mechanical axis refers to the angle formed by a line drawn from the center of the femoral head to the medial tibial spine and a line drawn from the medial tibial spine and the center of the ankle joint; – this should not be confused w/ the wt … Read more
Discussion older names include dolichostenomelia (Greek for long, narrow limbs) and dystrophia mesodermalis congenital, typus Marfanis; inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity. characterized by long, thin limbs and by laxity of ligaments; Pathophysiology dz of collagen synthesis (possibly the alpha subunit) may have abnormal production of collagen type I (and ? type … Read more
– See: – Arteriography – Arterial Trauma – Compartment Syndrome – Knee Dislocation – Popliteal Artery – Reperfusion Injury – Discussion: – note that the worst error to make is to underestimate the need to … Read more
– See: – meniscal injury – anterior cruciate ligament: – evaluation of ACL injuries: – bone patellar bone reconstruction: – hamstring reconstruction: – allograft reconstruction: – Discussion: … Read more
– See: – deep venous thrombosis / respiratory failure – Discussion: – time range of diagnosis of PE following discharge: 14-68 days (JR Lieberman et al); – ref: Early pulmonary embolism after injury: A different clinical entity? – in the report by Lawton RL and Morrey BF (1999), the authors advise that patients … Read more
– Outside Link: – An Approach to the Head Injured Patient by Paul Marik, MD – Trauma Menu: – Spine / C-spine – Orders for the Spine Injured Patient: Anesthesia in the Spinal Cord Injured Patient: Fluids in the Head Injured Pt: Hyperventilation Glasgow Coma Scale Head … Read more
– Discussion: – see flexion and extension gaps: – quantification of joint line malposition: – joint line position lies about 3 cm distal to the medial femoral epicondyle and 15 mm above the fibular head; – if the opposite knee has … Read more