– See: proximal biceps tendonopathy – Discussion: – refers to a detachment lesion of the superior aspect of glenoid labrum, which serves as the insertion of long head of biceps; – relatively common injury in throwing atheletes, but may most commonly occur in patients who have fallen or who have received a blow on the shoulder; – references: – Kinetics … Read more
– See: proximal femoral shaft fractures / – Discussion: – definition: – between lesser trochanter and 5 cm distal, even as far as center of isthmus of the femoral shaft; – technically starts below the lesser tuberosity; – medial and posteromedial cortex is a site of high compressive forces, while lateral cortex experiences high tensile stresses (forces … Read more
– See: Bone Healing w/ Plates – Discussion: – useful in subtrochanteric frxs since it permits insertion of at least two cortical screws into proximal fragment (calcar); – having multiple points of fixation above and below the fracture prevents varus or rotational migration; … Read more
– See: – arteries of the upper limb – subclavian vein – thoracic outlet syndrome; – Discussion: – injuries are rare because of overlying bony skeleton; – right subclavian artery originates from innominate artery & passes into neck behind the right SC … Read more
– Discussion: – to evaluate for Hill Sachs Lesion after dislocations; – Technique: – the patient is supine; – a cassette is placed under the involved shoulder – the palm of the hand of the affected extremity is placed on top of … Read more
– Theory: – flexor-pronator muscles arising from medial epicondyle are transposed to more proximal point on the humerus so that their moment for elbow flexion is incresed enough to permit active control; – muscles originating from the medial epicondyle (Pronator Teres, FCR, PL, & FCU) must have normal or … Read more
– Discussion: – is a coagulase positive, gram positive organism (as opposed to coag neg s. epidermidis) – has a strong propensity to invade traumatized tissue; – often responsible for toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fascitis; – serious infection that spreads rapidly along fascial planes and … Read more
– See: – Primary Flexor Tendon Grafting – Pulley Reconstruction – Prosthetic Grafts – Discussion: – indicated for delayed or neglected flexor tendon injuries, tendon rupture following previous attempted repair, and in some cases is indicated for zone II tendon injuries; – probably in most cases, … Read more
– Discussion: – squamous cell carcinoma: this tumor in the hand requires aggressive treatment (usually amputation); – is the most frequent primary malignancy of the hand; – recurrence rates are high (22%), and therefore radical surgical resection is recommended; – most cases of recurrence (67%) are associated w/ metastatic … Read more