Data Trace Editor – See: – Femoral Neck Frx – Discussion: – these injuries occur from high energy trauma and comprise 1-6% of all femoral shaft frx; – in up to 20% of cases, this injury is missed, which is often due to failure to take good quality femoral neck radiographs … Read more
– See: – Growth of Proximal Tibial Epiphysis – Avulsion of the Tibial Tubercle – Discussion: – injuries of prox tibial epiphysis are rare (3 % of lower extremity epiphyseal frx); – injury is uncommon because knee ligaments bypass proximal tibial epiphysis and instead insert more distally; … Read more
– 2 types: Avulsion and Compression Fractures – Avulsion Fractures: – is the more common of the 2 fractures; – mech: adduction, plantarflexion, & tension placed on bifurcate ligament; – bifurcate ligament: – this ligament connects the anterior process of the calcaneus to both the cuboid and navicular bones; … Read more
– See: – Adult Lateral Condylar Fractures – Pediatric Elbow – Discussion: – common frx in children (20% of pediatric elbow frx); – occurs most often between 6-10 yrs of age; – mechanism: fall on the outstretched arm w/ forearm in abduction & elbow in extension; … Read more
– See: – Frx of Medial Condyle in Adult: – Discussion: – rare injury; – look for medial sided pain; – unlike frx of medial epicondyle, elbow dislocation usually does not occur in this injury; – in the report by Leet AI, et al … Read more
– Discussion: – anterior metatarsalgia that involves head of second metatarsal; – occurs during the growth spurt at puberty – most are female; – caused by avascular necrosis of the metatarsal head; – from repetitive stress with microfractures at the junction of the metaphysis and the growth plate … Read more
– See: – warfarin – coags – transfusion therapy – Volume: Approximately 200mL; – Dose: 2 units FFP – Maximum admistration time: 4 hrs; – Rate of infusion: depends on patient’s clinical condition; – Indications: Bleeding w/ labile Coagulation factor deficiencies; (Factor V or VIII) – Note: Must allow … Read more
– Discussion: – most common form of spinal cerebellar degenerative dz; – onset usually before 10 years old; – tends to have acute onset; – dz caused by defeciency of the frataxin gene – Clinical Manifestations: – staggering gait – pes cavus: … Read more
– Technique: – centered in groove at upper margin of eyebrows, between supraciliary ridge and the frontal prominences; – saggitally, fromt pins should be placed just superiorly to outer half of eyebrows, to avoid the supraorbital nerve and vessels; – placed too inferiorly, the pins might … Read more
– Pathophysiology: – effects of cooling: – temperature of the hands and feet is partially determined by ateriovenous regulation of blood flow; – vascular effects: – severe vasoconstriction 2nd to increased sympathetic tone; … Read more