Ortho Oracle - orthopaedic operative atlas

Lumbrical Muscle Sheaths

– Discussion:     – index lumbrical is adherent to roof of thenar bursa;     – second, third, & 4th lumbrical sheaths are not so easily demonstrated, but when present usually overlie mid palmar bursa or space;     – lumbar sheaths extend from the web area to the center of the palm;   … Read more

Low Back Pain in the Adult

– Discussion:     – low back pain is the second most common symptomatic reason for physician visits (followed by URTI)     – diff dx:     – waddel criteria: – Exam of Lumbar Spine:     – exam of C-Spine:     – neuro exam     – general assessment:       … Read more

Low Ulnar Nerve Injury

– See:       – Claw Hand:       – Tendon Excursion:       – Nerve Repair:       – Combined Injuries of the Median and Ulnar Nerves: – Discussion:     – lesion of ulnar nerve at or near wrist or base of palm will result in paralysis of hypothenar … Read more

Lower Cervical Burst Fractures

– See:        – Cervical Compression Frx:        – Burst Frx of Spine        – Flexion Tear Drop Frx        – Extension Teardrop Frx of C2 – Discussion:     – may be clinically & radiographically similar to flexion teardrop frx;          – its … Read more

Ludloff Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus

– Discussion:     – oblique first metatarsal osteotomy that begins dorsal-proximal and continues plantar-distal;     – osteotomy begins dorsally 1 mm distal to the metatarsocuneiform joint at a 30 deg angle;     – most distal portion of plantar aspect of osteotomy is left temporarily intact;      – initial screw fixation:     … Read more

Lorazepam/Ativan

– for anxiety and depression; preanesthetic medication, sedation, status epilepticus; Adult: 1-10mg/24hr PO bid/tid; – Anxiety: 1mg PO bid/tid; – Preop: 0.05mg/kg up to max 4mg IM at least 2hr prior to surgery; – The only benzo which can be reliably injected IM; Sedation and relief of anxiety:    – 0.44mg/kg (max of 2 mg) given … Read more

Losee Test

– See:   – Pivot shift   – Anterior Cruciate Ligament   – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability   – Clunk Test   – Diagram   – Lachman   – Losee Test   – reverse pivot shift Test – Discussion:  – begins w/ the knee in flexion as an external rotation & valgus force are applied;  – … Read more