Medical Malpractice Insurance for orthopaedic surgeons

Proximal Biceps Tendon Rupture

– See:      – Biceps Tendonitis      – SLAP Lesions – Discussion:     – this tendon may have some role as a depressor of humeral head, preventing superior migration of humeral head;     – approx 50% of all ruptures occur thru the tendon of the long head;     – rupture is … Read more

Proximal Femoral Shaft Fractures

– See:  – Subtrochanteric Fractures – Discussion: – failure of nail to fill IM canal of either the proximal or distal fragment, may lead to postoperative instability; – tend to migrate into a varus deformity – requires abduction and traction for reduction; – tends to have an accentuated anterior bow; – internal rotation tends to … Read more

Proximal Humeral Fracture

– See: Proximal Humeral Physeal Injuries – Discussion: – classification of proximal humeral fractures: – anatomic neck fracture: – one part fracture – two part fractures – two part surgical neck fracture – two part tuberosity fractures: – lesser tuberosity frx; – greater tuberosity frx; – three part fractures – four part fracture: – fracture … Read more

Prosthetic Flexor Tendon Grafts

– See: Technique of Free Tendon Grafting – Discussion:      – prosthetic graft serves as temporary spacer around which a pseudotendon sheath forms, & provides a healthy bed in which to place tendon autograft;      – pulleys can be reconstructed at time of insertion of prosthesis             – … Read more

Prosthetic Grafts

Prosthetic grafts in vascular trauma: a controversy. Five-year experience with PTFE grafts in vascular wounds. Polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in the rapid reconstruction of acute contaminated peripheral vascular injuries.

Protamine sulfate

– Discussion:  – Reversal of Heparin effect; binds heparin within 5min of IV infusions (give slowly as 2mg/ml solution in saline);  – Monitor PTT for effects;  – Protamine sulfate itself has anticoagulant properties, hence judge needed amount conservatively;  – Precautions:  – hypotension may result from rapid infusion; – watch for anaphylactoid like reactions;  – Dose:  … Read more

Protein Polysaccharides

– Discussion:     – protein polysaccharides account for approx 4.4% of organic components of bone and may be defined as compounds of carbohydrate and           protein in which carbohydrate is a polysaccharide attached to a protein by covalent bonds;     – principle polysaccharide (mucopolysaccharide) of bone is chondroitin-4-sulfate (chondroitin sulfate A);          – … Read more

PROPYLTHIOURACIL: PTU/PROPACIL

– for hyperthyroidism; Inhibits production T3 and T4;  – Adult Dosing: – 100mg PO q8hr (up to 1,200mg/day for control);  – after pt is euthyroid (6-8 weeks), taper dose by 1/3 every 4-6 weeks to a maintainance dose of 50-150 mg/24hr;  – inhibits production and conversion of T3 and T4

Prostacyclin

– Action:     – powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation thru activation of adenylate cyclase, which leads to an increase in intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate;     – prostacyclin and thromboxane A(sub 2) are formed from arachidonic acid, w/ endoperoxides & prostaglandins G2 and H2 as           intermediates;     – variety of drugs with diverse mechanisms … Read more