Medical Malpractice Insurance for orthopaedic surgeons

Renal Osteodystrophy

– See:          – Calcitriol          – Hyperparathyroidism          – Renal Failure: (Orders for the CRF Patient)          – Renal Spondyloarthropathy          – Vit D – Effects on Adult Bone:     – abnormalities of renal function can produce profound bone disease;     … Read more

Renal Spondyloarthropathy

– See: Renal Osteodystrophy – Discussion:     – seen in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure and typically invovles three adjacent vertebrae with intervening discs;     – changes include subluxation, degeneration, and narrowing of disc ht;     – although the process may resemble infection, it probably represents crystal or amyloid deposition;     – … Read more

References: Fractures of the Cervical spine

Acute fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine. An analysis of three hundred hospitalized patients and review of the literature. Acute fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine in children and adolescents.

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

– RSD in Children:  – usually occurs in 8 – 16 yr olds (girls > boys); pain is the primary symptom; – pts show marked dysfunction and signs of sympathetic overdrive; (cyanosis, coldness, edema, and hyperhydrosis).  – hyperesthesia w/ an incongruent affect is typical;  – children w/ R.N.D. are usually compliant and pseudomature;  – underlying psychosocial … Read more

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy / Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

– Definition:        – “RSD” is an imprecisely used term; has been used to describe changes in soft tissue and bone;        – RSD may not involve the sympathetic nervous system and may not be the consequence of a reflex;        – 1995: IASP Consensus Conference: “Complex regional pain … Read more

Reiter’s syndrome

– See: Spondyloarthropathies – Discussion:     – involves arthritis of large joints (knees & ankles), uveitis, skin lesions, & urethritis, however only a minority will have classic triad of symptoms;           – conjunctivitis is observed early, usually before or at the onset of arthritis;           – … Read more

Relative Potency of Various Steroids

– Recommendations for Selection: – w/ acute inflammatory conditions choose a short acting preparation, where as with a chronic condition, choose a long acting preparation; AntiInflam Na Retention Duration Equiv Dose (mg) Betamethasone 0.6 Cortisone 0.8 0.8 Short 25 Hydrocortisone 1.0 1.0 Short 20 Prednisone 4.0 0.8 Intermediate 5 Prednisolone 4.0 0.8 Intermediate 5 Methylprednisolone … Read more

References for the Talus

    – References: Fractures and Dislocations of the Talus  Talectomy for equinovarus deformity in myelodysplasia.  Talar impingement by the anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament. A cause of chronic pain in the ankle after inversion sprain.  Subtalar fusion for isolated subtalar disorders. Preliminary report.  Subtalar dislocation of the foot.  Tarsal tunnel syndrome: an electrodiagnostic and surgical correlation.  … Read more

References for Wound Infection / Healing

Assessment of perfusion in postoperative patients using tissue oxygen measurements. Local heat increases blood flow and oxygen tension in wounds. Effect of electrocautery on wound healing in midline laparotomy incisions. Factors affecting the incidence of postoperative wound infection. Nutritional status: importance in predicting wound-healing after amputation. Doppler-determined segmental pressures and wound-healing in amputations for vascular … Read more