– See: Extra-articular Manifestations – Discussion: – manifests itself in one of three typical forms: – acute hemarthrosis; – subacute hemarthropathy; – chronic hemarthropathy; – severity of hemophilia A depends upon level of factor VIII clotting activity; – severe deficiency: – factor VIII activity level of < 1%; – pt characteristically bleeds into joints or … Read more
– Clavicle Frx in Infants: – 95% of birth frxs involve the clavicle and are associated w/ breech deliveries; – diff dx: – congential pseudoarthrosis of clavicle: – brachial plexus injury – pseudo-paralysis … Read more
– Discussion: – classified according to both the mechanism of injury and morphology. – two major mechanisms of injury: – direct and indirect trauma; – Direction Trauma: – patella may be fractured by direct blow during fall onto knee or when it hits dashboard in an … Read more
– See: – Clavicular Frx in Children / Congential Pseudoarthrosis of Clavicle – AC joint / Sternoclavicular Joint Injury / Scapula Fracture – Discussion and Classification – Exam Findings: – brachial plexus – ref: Injury to the brachial plexus by a fragment of bone after fracture of the clavicle – Radiology: – Serendipity View – best visualized sitting up … Read more
– Discussion: – frx of pubic rami & ipsilateral or contralateral to post injury; – APC: APC-I / APC II / APC III – open book pelvic injuries; – Bucholz Classification – Letournel Classification – Young Burgess System – Lateral Compression: LC-I / LC-II / LC-III – … Read more
– for PUD, prophylaxis in trauma, burns, surgery; – Adult: active PUD: 300 mg PO/IV tid-qid, or 400 mg PO bid; – over 90% of ulcers should heal after 12 wks of therapy – Hosp Prac. 1979 – ulcers which have not healed after 12 wks, probably will not heal w/ H2 Blockers; – for … Read more
– See: Knee Joint Menu – Discussion: – articular cartilage injury and potential for repair; – rotational forces in direct trauma is the most common cause of injury to the articular cartilage; – in adults, the tidemark zone is the weak link between the overlying cartilage and subchondral bone and therefore shearing injuries most often … Read more
– See: diabetic foot menu – Diabetic Charcot Foot and Ankle: – originally described in the 1860s by the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot; – may occur w or w/o neuropathic ulceration (mal perforant): – typically appears in 5th and 6th decades; – often occurs in the face of a relatively “normal vascular exam;” – neuropathic ulcerations are … Read more
– See: – Cross Table Lateral – Spondylosis – Discussion: – risk of spinal cord injury with damage to cervical vertebrae is greater in individuals who have narrow spinal-canal diameters; – narrow mid-sagittal spinal-canal diameter increases risk of severe neurological injury from spinal frx or … Read more
– See: Burst Frx: – Discussion: – this fracture involves loss of vertebral body height anteriorly; – posterior wall remains intact, & upper vertebra rotates downward about two facet joints; – posterior ligaments become taut when anterior ht loss is approx 25%; – compression of > 50% with … Read more