See: Posterior Frx Dislocations of the Hip – Indications: – irreducible dislocation: – due to soft tissue interposition (ligamentum teres, capsule, labrum, piriformis, ect.); – incongruent joint: – due to intra-articular bone and cartilage fragments; … Read more
– See: Open Frx Menu: – Discussion: – traumatic wound is nearly always anterior in location, and may have a variable degree of damage to the extensor mechanism; – in pts w/ grades I, II, or IIIa open supracondylar frx consider ORIF – for IIIb and IIIc fractures consider external … Read more
– Discussion of Open Femur Frx: (see open frx menu) – see: gun shot wounds – rates of wound infection should be < 4 % w/ meticulous debridement of wound; – rates of union and the functional results have been comparable with those obtained after nailing of closed fractures; – compartment … Read more
– Discussion: – see open frx menu, tibia fracture menu and infections of the tibia – Initial Treatment and Timing of Surgery: – preoperative antibiotics; – therapeutic doses of ancef and tobramycin for 3 days are appropriate; – w/ contamination consider … Read more
– Discussion: – fracture types: open tibia fractures, open fractures of femur – treat all open fractures as an emergency; – perform thorough initial eval to dx other life-threatening injuries: (see trauma management); – open joint injuries – gun shot wounds – controversies: non operative treatment: – Nonoperative … Read more
– Discussion: – highest percentage of missed injuries occur in this region; – Exam: – Torticollis: – Radiographs: – Atlanto-occipital Disassociation – C1-C2 interspinous space should not be greater than 10 mm; – occipital condyles should articulate w/ lateral … Read more
– See: Pillar View – Discussion: – demonstrates primarily neural foramina, pedicles, articular masses, apophyseal joints, & relative relationship at lamina; – oblique views show the pedicle in profile, and also allows assesment of the intervertebral foramina (and osteophytes encroaching along their margins); – Technique: – routine oblique … Read more
– See: – Erb’s Palsy – Lower Root Injury: (Klumpke) – Shoulder in brachial plexus injuries: – Traumatic Brachial Plexus Palsy in Children – Discussion: – incidence of brachial plexus birth palsy is approx two / 1,000 births; – … Read more
– Caloric Requirements – Composition of Elemental Diets – Enteral Formulas and Tube Feedings – Lipids Requirements – Pediatric Nutrition – Protein Requirements & Nitrogen Balance: – arginine – glutamine – Total Parental Nutrition Changes in Diet and … Read more
– Discussion: – non steroidals exert their actions by inhibiting isoforms of cyclo-oxygenase 1 and 2; – cox 1: expressed in the stomach and kidneys; – cox 2: – cox 2 receptor is not normally expressed in synovial tissue; – regulates inflammatory response and is responsible for disease symptoms; – Specific Agents: – Aspirin – … Read more